Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship (벤처창업연구)

The Korean Society of Business Venturing (한국벤처창업학회)
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A Study on the Difference of Strategies for Conflict Resolution between Rural Residents and Urban-to-Rural Migrants

게임이론에 근거한 농촌원주민과 귀농·귀촌인 간 갈등해결 전략차이 연구

  • Kim, Tae-kyun (Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Park, Sang-hyeok (Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
  • Received : 2019.01.09
  • Accepted : 2019.04.29
  • Published : 2019.04.30
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Abstract

In recent years, as the population of ear and aged villages has increased, the problem of conflict between rural residents and urban-to-rural migrants has been widespread. For successful rural community, such conflict resolution is more important than anything else. However, if we look at previous studies. It is true that there are many studies that focus on people who are not rural residents or urban-to-rural migrants. This study was conducted to find out the difference of strategies for conflict resolution between rural residents and urban-to-rural migrants. This study derives the factors of conflict based on the contents of previous studies, To see the difference, five strategies were used from the response strategies that were used in the 'Computer Prisoner's Dilemma Contest' held by Axelrod (2009). I would like to know what kind of strategies of rural residents and urban-to-rural migrants. All analyzes were done using SPSS 22.0 for Windows, and the results of each conflict resolution analysis showed that the indigenous conflicts were low All. Among the causes of conflict, the highest level of conflict was caused by the 'rural residents who did not understand urban culture'. The strategy is the most used, followed by tit for tat Strategy, and all-c strategy, in that order. However, It is not uncommon for employers to use a work-type strategy, and it can be seen that the strategy changes depending on the cause. As can be seen from the above results, The conflict resolution strategies are almost similar strategies. It can be seen that conflict resolution strategy is used differently according to personality. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in conflicts in the rural areas. In particular, it is meaningful to examine the choice of solution strategies based on game theory through reviewing prior research and eliciting actual conflict factors in the field. Successful rural settlement can be achieved not through stakeholder competition but through mutual cooperation by gaining cooperation to the other side. Mutual cooperation is more profitable than betrayal in various conflict situations. The secret to maintaining and communicating smoothly is not to use the other person to fill his or her selfish interests, but to reject it for profit, but to draw cooperation from the other party.

최근 귀농 귀촌 인구가 증가하면서 농촌원주민과 귀농 귀촌인 간 갈등문제가 농촌문제뿐만 아니라 사회전반에 걸쳐 미치는 후유증이 매우 크게 나타나고 있다. 성공적인 농촌정착을 위해서는 이러한 갈등해결이 무엇보다 중요하다. 하지만 지금까지의 선행연구를 살펴보면 심도 깊은 연구가 부족하고, 농촌원주민보다는 귀농 귀촌인에 초점을 둔 연구가 많은 것이 사실이다. 이에 본 연구는 농촌에서 일어나고 있는 갈등요인을 두 주체 간 입장에서 도출하고, 갈등요인에 따른 해결차이를 알아보기 위해 게임이론을 적용하여 갈등해결 전략차이에 초점을 두고 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구는 이론적 근거를 정립하기 위해 기존 선행연구에서의 내용을 토대로 갈등요인을 도출하고, 갈등요인에 따른 해결전략차이를 알아보기 위해 Axelrod(2009)가 개최한 '컴퓨터 죄수의 딜레마 대회'에서 사용되었던 대응전략 중에서 5가지 전략을 선택해 농촌원주민과 귀농 귀촌인은 어떤 전략을 선택하는지 알아보고자 하였다. 경남지역 12곳을 지정하여 직접 기입방식으로 설문지를 통해 결과를 분석하고, 분석에 따른 갈등해결 대응전략을 도출하였다. 모든 분석은 SPSS 22.0 for Windows를 이용하였으며, 이에 대한 각 갈등해결 분석결과를 살펴보면, 원주민 갈등유발은 낮았다. 또한 각 갈등원인 중에서 '도시문화에 대한 이해가 부족한 원주민'에 대한 갈등유발요인이 가장 높은 수준이었다. 귀농귀촌인 갈등유발원인은 원주민 갈등유발원인보다 갈등 수준이 높았다. 각 내용 중에서는 '마을 행사에 참여하지 않는 태도'가 가장 강한 갈등원인이었다. 원주민 갈등유발원인에 대해서는 갈등해결전략 중 올씨(All C, 웬만하면 협조한다)전략을 가장 많이 사용했고, 귀농귀촌인 갈등유발원인에 대해서는 전체적인 경향에서 다우닝(Downing, 처음에는 협조하지 않고 상대방이 협조하면 협조하고 협조하지 않으면 협조하지 않는다)전략을 가장 많이 사용했으며, 그 다음으로 팃포탯(tit for tat, 먼저 협조하고, 상대방이 협조하면 협조하고 협조하지 않으면 협조하지 않는다)전략, 올씨(all c)전략 등의 순으로 사용하였다. 그러나 각 내용별로 살펴보면 동일한 유형의 전략을 이용하는 경우는 드물고 원인에 따라 전략이 변화함을 알 수 있다. 이상의 결과에서 보는 바와 같이 원주민의 갈등유발원인에 대한 갈등해결전략은 거의 유사한 방법으로 전략을 수행하는 반면, 귀농 귀촌인의 갈등유발원인은 그 원인의 성격에 따라 갈등해결전략을 달리 사용하는 것을 알 수 있다. 본 연구는 농촌에서 발생하고 있는 갈등요인을 농촌원주민과 귀농귀촌인 두 주체 간 모두의 입장에서 요인을 도출 하고 이에 따라 갈등이 발생할 경우 어떠한 방법으로 갈등을 풀어 가는지 해결방법 차이에 대한 연구로서 의의가 있다. 특히 선행연구고찰과 실질적으로 현장에서 발생하고 있는 갈등요인 도출을 통해 게임이론에 근거하여 해결전략차이에 대한 선택을 알아보았다는 점에 의의가 있다. 성공적인 농촌정착은 이해 관계자 간 힘겨루기가 아니라 신사적으로 상대방에게 협력을 이끌어 내어 상호협력을 통해서 가능하다. 다양한 갈등 상황에서 상호협력이 배반보다 이익이 더 많다. 원활한 관계를 유지하고 소통하는 비결은 상대방을 자기의 이기심을 채우기 위해 이용하거나 이익을 위해 배척하는 하는 것이 아니라 상대방에게서 함께 할 수 있도록 협력을 이끌어내는 것이다.

Keywords

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