Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
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Comparison of the foraging efficiency between adult and immature Eurasian Oystercatchers (Haematopus ostralegus osculans) during the breeding season on Yubu Island

번식기 유부도 일대에 서식하는 검은머리물떼새 (Haematopus ostralegus osculans) 성체와 미성체의 섭식 능력 비교

  • Lee, Sang-Yeon (National Ecosystem Survey Team, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • You, Young-Han (Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Jeong, Gilsang (Long Term Ecological Research Team, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Choi, Yu-Seong (National Migratory Birds Center, National Institute of Biological Resources) ;
  • Joo, Sungbae (Evolutionary Ecology Research Team, National Institute of Ecology)
  • 이상연 (국립생태원 자연환경조사팀) ;
  • 유영한 (공주대학교 생명과학과) ;
  • 정길상 (국립생태원 장기생태연구팀) ;
  • 최유성 (국립생물자원관 국가철새연구센터) ;
  • 주성배 (국립생태원 진화생태연구팀)
  • Received : 2019.09.20
  • Accepted : 2019.10.16
  • Published : 2019.12.31
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Abstract

During the breeding season, both adults and immature Eurasian Oystercatchers (Haematopus ostralegus osculans) were observed to feed on prey, such as gastropods (Umbonium thomasi) and bivalves, at the tide water line around Yubu island in Korea. To determine differences in the foraging efficiency between the adult and immature birds, we recorded the feeding behavior using digiscoping with a telescope and a smartphone. We compared the pace, the prey search rate, the proportion of prey search techniques, the feeding success rate, the handling time, and the heads-up rate between the adult and immature birds. There were significant differences in the proportion of prey search techniques when gastropods were consumed and in the prey search rate and heads-up rate when bivalves were consumed but there were no significant differences in feeding success rates. Therefore, although the immature birds on Yubu Island were inferior to adults during the breeding season and they lacked the proficiency to locate prey, their overall foraging efficiency was similar to adults. This was considered to be due to the continuous eating of bivalves during the wintering season, which requires a high level of foraging efficiency.

번식기 유부도 일대의 조수 경계부에서는 검은머리물떼새(Haematopus ostralegus osculans) 성체와 미성체가 한데 모여 복족류(서해비단고둥, Umbonium thomasi)와 이매패류를 섭식하는 것이 관찰된다. 본 연구는 성체와 미성체 간의 섭식 능력에 차이가 있는지 알아보고자 해당 먹이원을 섭식하는 개체들의 행동을 영상으로 녹화한 후 성체와 미성체로 구분하여 단위 시간당 걸음수, 먹이원 탐색시도횟수 및 탐색방법 구성비율, 섭식성공횟수, 조작시간, 머리 들어 올리기횟수를 비교하였다. 서해비단고둥을 섭식할 때 먹이원 탐색방법의 구성 비율, 이매패류를 섭식할 때 먹이원 탐색시도횟수와 머리 들어올리기횟수에서 유의한 차이를 나타냈으나, 단위 시간당 걸음수, 탐색시도횟수, 섭식성공횟수는 차이가 없었다. 결과적으로 번식기 유부도 일대에 서식하는 검은머리물떼새 미성체가 성체에 비해 비록 열세이고, 먹이원의 위치를 파악하는 능력이 부족하지만, 전반적인 섭식 능력은 성체와 유사한 수준임을 의미한다. 월동기간 동안 고도의 섭식 능력을 갖추어야 섭식이 가능한 이매패류를 지속적으로 섭식한 것에 기인한 것으로 판단된다.

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