한국전통조경학회지 (Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture)

  • 제37권2호
  • /
  • Pages.1-10
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  • 2019
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  • 1738-236X(pISSN)
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  • 2384-1478(eISSN)
한국전통조경학회 (Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture)
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조선조 토지제도와 인식을 통해 본 보길도 윤선도 원림 조영 배경 연구

A Study on the Yun Seon-Do's Garden on Bogildo Island based on the Recognition of the Land Systems in the Joseon Dynasty

  • 이태겸 (에스이공간환경디자인그룹 공공디자인연구소) ;
  • 김한배 (서울시립대학교 조경학과)
  • Lee, Tae-Gyeom (Research Institute of Public Design, Spatial Environment Design Group) ;
  • Kim, Han-Bai (Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Seoul)
  • 투고 : 2019.05.02
  • 심사 : 2019.06.18
  • 발행 : 2019.06.30
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초록

본 연구는 조선시대 토지제도 및 그 시대 사람들의 토지에 대한 인식을 바탕으로 고산 윤선도의 보길도 입도 배경 및 부용동 원림의 조성 특징 등을 분석하였다. 이를 통해 부용동 원림의 조영의도를 사회경제적 측면에서 해석하였다. 조선시대 토지제도와 인식을 살펴보면, 산림천택(山林川澤)의 토지는 공유지였다. 그러나 금산(禁山)을 제외한 지역은 입안(立案)과 분묘의 금양 등을 통해 공유지를 사점하려는 행위가 활발했다. 조선시대 보길도는 소나무를 보호하기 위한 금산으로 지정되어 있었기 때문에 민가정원을 조성하는 것은 매우 어려운 상황이었다. 윤선도는 병자호란 직후, 산림을 보호한다는 명분으로 금산이었던 보길도에 입도하고 부용동 원림을 조성하였다. 보길도는 가문의 전장 관리를 위해 주변지역으로의 이동이 용이한 지역이며, 산림 자원이 풍부하고, 어염 등 경제적 가치가 있는 자원도 확보할 수 있는 섬이다. 이처럼 윤선도는 금산 보호라는 공적인 명분으로 보길도에 입도하였으나 산림 및 어염자원을 획득할 수 있고 가문의 전장 확대 및 관리가 용이하다는 경제적 이점도 고려하였을 것이라 추정된다.

Based on the land system of Joseon Dynasty and contemporary perception of land, this study analyzed the reason Yun seon-do entered Bogildo Island and a characteristic of Buyong-dong garden. According to this analysis, this study interpreted the purpose that Yun seon-do had built Buyong-dong garden at a socio-economic perspective. The land such as Sarlimchontack(山林川澤) is recognized as a commonland in the Joseon Dynasty. Except the reserved area(禁山), however, actions to make commonland private through Ib-an(立案) and protecting graves was frequent. Bogildo Island was a place difficult to build a private garden because the island had been appointed a reserved forest to protect pine trees. Right after Byungjahoran, Yun seon-do entered the island on the pretext of protecting forests, and built Buyong-dong garden. The island was easy to move to manage private farms as well as possessed abundant forest resources and resources that have economic value such as fish and salt. It indicates that, unlike his pretext, economic benefits have also been considered.

키워드

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Figure 1. A Study Area

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Figure 2. The Heanam Yoon's Family, 1910, Fishing License of Maenggol-do[25]

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Figure 3. The Bogildo Island designated as a Reserved Mountain in Joseonimyabunpodo(朝鮮林野分布圖, 1910)[28]

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Figure 4. The Vegetation Map and Pine Tree Habitat of Bogildo Island, 1987-1989[33]

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Figure 5. A Distribution of Buyong-dong Relics and Estimated Location of Salt Pond(Map of 1918, 1:50,000)

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Figure 6. A Location of Reclaimed Land of Heanam Yoon’s Family and Sea Route(Map of 1914)

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Figure 7. A Relationship between Yoon Seondo’s Garden on Bogildo Island and Surrounding Area(Map of 1918, 1:50,000)

Table 1. A Documents and Contents of Ib-an related to Yun, seon-do[20][25]

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