DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis and Improvement of the DPW-LRU Cache Replacement Algorithm for Flash Translation Layer

플래시 변환 계층을 위한 DPW-LRU 캐시 교체 알고리즘 분석 및 개선

  • Received : 2020.08.31
  • Accepted : 2020.10.27
  • Published : 2020.12.31

Abstract

Although flash disks are being used widely instead of hard disks, it is difficult to optimize for effective utilization of flash disks because overwrite in place is impossible and the power consumption and time required for read, write, and erase operations are all different. One of these optimization issues is a cache management strategy to minimize write operations. The cache operates at two levels: an operating system equipped with flash disks and a translation layer within the flash disk. Most studies deal with the operating system-level cache strategy. In this study, we implement and analyse the DPW-LRU algorithm which is one of the recently proposed operating system cache replacement algorithms to apply to FTL, and grope with some improvements. As a result of the experiment, the DPW-LRU algorithm maintained superiority even in the FTL environment, and showed better performance with a slight improvement.

Keywords

References

  1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_drive.
  2. B.M. Fujio, I. Hisakazu, "Semiconductor Memory Device and Method for Manufacturing the Same," US Patent 4531203, 1985.
  3. H.B. Lee, K.H Kwon, "Implementation of a Light Weight SSD Perpormance Evaluation Simulator based on Linux FUSE," Journal of Digital Contents Society," Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 1-6, 2019 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.9728/dcs.2019.20.1.1
  4. V. Mohan, T. Bunker, L. Grupp, S. Gurumurthi, M. R. Stan, S. Swanson, "Modeling Power Consumption of NAND Flash Memories Using FlashPower," IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuit and Stsrems, Vol. 32, No. 7, pp. 1031-1044, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCAD.2013.2249557
  5. Samsung Electronics, "Samsung SSD 850 Pro Data Sheet Rev. 3," 2017 (http://downloadcenter.samsung.com/content/UM/201711/20171115103115156/Samsung_SSD_850_PRO_Data_Sheet_Rev_3.pdf)
  6. C.N. Park, W.M. Cheon, J.G. Kang, K.H. Roh, and W.H. Cho, "A Reconfigurable FTL (Flash Translation Layer) Architecture for NAND Flash-Based Applications," ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 1-23, 2008.
  7. Y. Yuan, J. Zhang, G. Han, G. Jia, L. Yan, and W. Li, "DPW-LRU: An Efficient Buffer Management Policy Based on Dynamic Page Weight for Flash Memory in Cyber-Physical System," IEEE Access (Distributed Computing Infrastructure for Cyber-Physical Systems), Vol. 7, pp. 58810-58821, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2914231
  8. H.B. Lee, T.Y. Chung, "An In-depth Analysis and Improvement on Cache Mechanisms of SSD FTL," IEMEK J. Embed. Sys. Appl., Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 9-15, 2019 (in Korean).
  9. S.H. Hwang, J.W. Kwak, "CL-Tree: B+ tree for NAND Flash Memory Using Cache Index List," Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 1-10, 2015 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.9708/jksci.2015.20.4.001
  10. S.Y, Park, D.W. Jung, J.U. Kang, J.S. Kim, J.W. Lee, "CFLRU: A Replacement Algorithm for Flash Memory," Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Compilers, architecture and synthesis for embedded systems (CASES'06), pp. 234-241, 2006.
  11. H.Y. Jung, H.K. Shim, S.M. Park, SY. Kang, JH. Cha, "'LRU-WSR: Integration of LRU and Writes Sequence Reordering for Flash Memory," IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 54, No. 3, pp. 1215-1223, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCE.2008.4637609
  12. Z. Li, P. Jin, X. Su, K. Cui, L. Yue, "CCF-LRU: A New Buffer Eeplacement Algorithm for Flash Memory," IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 55, No. 3, pp. 1351-1359, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCE.2009.5277999
  13. P. Jin, Y. Ou, T. Harder, Z. Li, "AD-LRU: An Efficient Buffer Eeplacement Algorithm for Flash-based Databases," Data Knowledge Engineering, Vol. 72, pp. 83-102. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.datak.2011.09.007
  14. J. Cui, W. Wu, Y. Wang, Z. Duan, "PT-LRU: A Probabilistic Page Replacement Algorithm for NAND Flash-based Consumer Electronics," IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 60, No. 4, pp. 614-622, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCE.2014.7027334
  15. UMass I/O Trace Repository (http://traces.cs.umass.edu/index.php/Storage/Storage)
  16. H.B. Lee, T.Y. Chung, "A Comparative Analysis on Page Caching Strategies Affecting Energy Consumption in the NAND Flash Translation Layer," IEMEK J. Embed. Sys. Appl., Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 109-116, 2018 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.14372/IEMEK.2018.13.3.109