Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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Evaluation of Field Application and Estimation of Bedload Discharge in the Forest Watershed using the Hydrophone

하이드로폰을 이용한 산림유역 소류사 유출량 산정 및 현장 적용성 검토

  • Seo, Jun-Pyo (Division of Forest Disaster Management, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Kim, Ki-Dae (Division of Forest Disaster Management, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Woo, Choong-Shik (Division of Forest Disaster Management, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Lee, Chang-Woo (Division of Forest Disaster Management, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Lee, Heon-Ho (Department of Forest Resources, Yeungnam University)
  • 서준표 (국립산림과학원 산림방재연구과) ;
  • 김기대 (국립산림과학원 산림방재연구과) ;
  • 우충식 (국립산림과학원 산림방재연구과) ;
  • 이창우 (국립산림과학원 산림방재연구과) ;
  • 이헌호 (영남대학교 산림자원학과)
  • Received : 2020.10.28
  • Accepted : 2020.12.04
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

In this study, hydrophones using acoustic sensors were used to estimate the amount of bedload discharge in a forested watershed. The reaction characteristics were analyzed through hydrophone flume tests and field tests, and the quantitative bedload discharge was calculated and compared with that measured by a pit sampler. The hydrophone reaction changed the pulse according to the flow rate change, but did not react to standard sand. The pulse was different depending on the particle size and weight, and accordingly, there was a specific channel showing a suitable response. For a hydrophone installed in the field, by using an automatic impact device, the reaction characteristics of each channel were analyzed to confirm normal operation of the sensor and the suitability of the output value of each channel. In addition, a suitable channel was selected for the estimation of bedload discharge. The bedload discharge formula was developed using a hydrophone pulse and the average flow rate, and was compared with the measured data in the pit sampler in the study site. As a result of the study, if a hydrophone is used for monitoring the bedload in forested watersheds, it is considered effective in quantitatively estimating the weight of bedload discharge.

본 연구에서는 산림유역의 소류사 유출량을 산정하기 위해 음향센서를 이용한 하이드로폰을 사용하였다. 하이드로폰의 수로실험과 현장실험을 통해 반응 특성을 분석하고 정량적 소류사 유출량을 산정하여 실측된 유출량과 비교·분석하였다. 하이드로폰 반응은 유량 변화에 따라 펄스값이 변하였지만 모래에는 반응하지 않았다. 입자 크기와 무게에 따라서 펄스값이 다르게 나타났는데 크기와 무게에 따라 적합한 반응을 나타내는 특정 채널이 있었다. 또한 무게와 부피 변화에 따른 반응도 적합하게 나타났지만 특히, 무게 추정에 적절한 것으로 분석되었다. 현장에 설치된 하이드로폰에 대해서 자동충격전달 장치를 이용하여 채널별 반응 특성 분석으로 센서의 정상작동 여부 및 채널별 출력값의 적합성을 확인하고 소류사 유출량 산정을 위해 적합한 채널을 선정하였다. 하이드로폰 펄스와 평균유량을 이용하여 소류사 유출량 산정식을 개발하고 개발된 식과 현장에 실측된 유출량과 비교한 결과 전체적으로 실측값과 유사하게 나타났다. 하이드로폰을 산림유역의 소류사 모니터링에 활용한다면 유출되는 소류사량의 무게를 정량적이고 지속적으로 산정하는데 효율적인 것으로 검토되었다. 국내 산림유역에서 음향센서가 내장된 하이드로폰을 이용하여 소류사 등 토사유출 모니터링에 활용성을 검증함으로써 관련 분야의 연구 및 기술개발 증진에 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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