한국비블리아학회지 (Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science)

한국비블리아학회 (Korean Biblia Society for Library and Information Science)
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지니계수와 파레토 비율을 활용한 학술정보공유 기여에 대한 대학도서관 격차 분석

A Study on Inequality Analysis of Academic Information Sharing in University Libraries using Gini's Coefficient and Pareto Ratio

  • 조재인 (인천학교 문헌정보학과)
  • 투고 : 2020.02.20
  • 심사 : 2020.03.20
  • 발행 : 2020.03.30
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초록

사회 현상 곳곳에서 나타나고 있는 파레토 법칙(Pareto principle)은 상위 20%가 전체 성과의 80%를 차지한다는 법칙이다. 본 연구에서는 대학도서관 학술정보 공유 협력체에서도 파레토 법칙이 발견되고 있는지 확인하였으며, 더불어 지니계수(Gini coefficient)를 통해 대학 간에 나타나는 학술정보 공유 기여 정도에 대한 격차를 수치로 산출하였다. 그 결과 학술정보 공유 협력 사업에서 상위 20%의 대학도서관이 81.2% 이상의 실적을 주도하고 있었으며, 정보 기여에 대한 격차는 평균 0.78로 매우 심각한 상태를 나타냈다. 대학도서관의 규모를 감안하여 재계산한 지니계수도 일부 사업에서만 균등한 쪽으로 조금 조정되는 양상을 나타냈다. 대학의 형태에 따라서는 전문대학도서관 간의 격차가 4년제 대학도서관보다 극심하였으며, 국립대학도서관보다는 사립대학도서관간의 격차가 더욱 심각한 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 도서관의 규모와 학술정보 기여 정도에 따라 참여도서관의 분포를 시각화한 결과, 압도적인 기여 수준을 보이는 대규모 도서관이 존재하였으며, 도서관의 규모는 작지만 상대적으로 높은 기여 수준을 보이는 도서관도 분포하였다.

Pareto principle states that, for many events, roughly 80% of the effects come from 20% of the causes. This study clarified if there is Pareto principle in Korean universities' academic information resource sharing network and calculates the Gini efficient about inequality in sharing academic resources. As a result, top 20% libraries led 80% of performance and inequality degree showed 0.8 as very serious condition. Relative Gini efficient which is recalculated considering scale of each libraries stay 0.7 that is adjusted slightly down. It means that such phenomenon is not caused by the difference of each universities scale with high contribution of big university and low contribution of small university. And in comparison of inequality between university's types, inequality between community colleges and private universities is more serious than four-year-course college and national university respectfully. Finally, as a result of visualizing the distribution of participating libraries, there were libraries with overwhelming contributions, and libraries with small but relatively high contribution levels were also distributed.

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