Management & Information Systems Review (경영과정보연구)

Daehan Academy of Management Information Systems (대한경영정보학회)
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Research Trend and Futuristic Guideline of Platform-Based Business in Korea

플랫폼 기반 비즈니스에 대한 국내 연구동향 및 미래를 위한 가이드라인

  • 남수현 (한남대학교 글로벌IT경영전공)
  • Received : 2020.03.03
  • Accepted : 2020.03.23
  • Published : 2020.03.31
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Abstract

Platform is considered as an alternative strategy to the traditional linear pipeline based business. Moreover, in the 4th industrial revolution period, efficiency driven pipeline business model needs to be changed to platform business. We have such success stories about platform as Apple, Google, Amazon, Uber, and so on. However, for those smaller corporations, it is not easy to find out the transformation strategy. The essence of platform business is to leverage network effect in management. Thus platform based management can be rephrased as network management across the business functions. Research on platform business is popular and related to diverse facets. But few scholars cover what the research trend of the domain is. The main purpose of this paper is to identify the research trend on platform business in Korea. To do that we first propose the analytical model for platform architecture whose components are consumers, suppliers, artifacts, and IT platform system. We conjecture that mapping of the research work on platform to the components of the model will make us understand the hidden domain of platform research. We propose three hypotheses regarding the characteristics of research and one proposition for the transitional path from pipeline to platform business model. The mapping is based on the research articles filtered from the Korea Citation Index, using keyword search. Research papers are searched through the keywords provided by authors using the word of "platform". The filtered articles are summarized in terms of the attributes such as major component of platform considered, platform type, main purpose of the research, and research method. Using the filtered data, we test the hypotheses in exploratory ways. The contribution of our research is as follows: First, based on the findings, scholars can find the areas of research on the domain: areas where research has been matured and territory where future research is actively sought. Second, the proposition provided can give business practitioners the guideline for changing their strategy from pipeline to platform oriented. This research needs to be considered as exploratory not inferential since subjective judgments are involved in data collection, classification, and interpretation of research articles.

플랫폼은 기존 전통적인 선형적 파이프라인 기반 비즈니스 모델에 대응하는 대안으로 떠오르고 있다. 특히 최근의 4차 산업혁명시대에 효율성 주도의 파이프라인 기반은 조정 주도의 플랫폼 기반으로 변환되어야 한다는 것이 일반적인 인식이다. 플랫폼 성공사례는 애풀, 구글, 아마존, 우버 등에서 쉽게 찾을 수 있다. 그러나 규모가 크지 않은 기업에서는 플랫폼 비즈니스로의 전환 전략을 찾기가 쉽지 않다. 플랫폼 비즈니스의 핵심은 네트워크 효과를 경영활동에 도입하여 활용하는 것이다. 따라서 플랫폼 비즈니스는 경영활동 기능에서 네트워크 효과 관리를 어떻게 할 것인가와 유사하다. 플랫폼 관련 연구는 최근 활발하고 다양하다. 그러나 이 분야의 연구 동향에 대한 연구는 많지 않다. 본 연구의 주요 목적은 최근 국내에서 수행된 플랫폼 관련 연구를 통하여 연구동향을 이해하는 것이다. 이를 위해서 우리는 연구가설과 명제를 제시하였다. 데이터는 연구논문으로 한국학술지인용색인 시스템에서 "플랫폼" 혹은 "platform"을 키워드 속성으로부터 얻었다. 수집된 논문집합은 "경영학" 분야로 국한하여 구성하였다. 선택된 논문들을 대상으로 연구된 플랫폼 요소, 플랫폼 유형, 주요 연구 내용 등에 대해 56개의 논문에 대해 분석을 하였다. 56개의 데이터를 이용하여 탐색적인 연구가설을 검증하였고, 명제를 제안하였다. 본 연구의 시사점은 연구자들에게 연구 영역 중, 많은 연구가 수행되어 온 성숙 영역과 아직 더 많은 연구가 필요한 분야를 제시하였다. 또한 실무자들에게는 파이프라인 비즈니스로부터 플랫폼 기반 비즈니스로 변화를 추구하는 가이드라인을 제시한 것이다. 가이드라인의 핵심은 극대화하기 위해서는 IT플랫폼 시스템을 기반으로 소비자와 공급자 네트워크를 점진적으로 조정하고 관리하여야 한다는 것이다. 본 연구는 데이터 수집과 수집된 데이터의 구분 및 주요 연구내용 등 주관적인 판단 요소가 많아 추론적이 아닌 탐색적 연구로 간주되어야 할 것이다.

Keywords

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