DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Finite element study on composite slab-beam systems under various fire exposures

  • Cirpici, Burak K. (Erzurum Technical University, Department of Civil Engineering) ;
  • Orhan, Suleyman N. (Erzurum Technical University, Department of Civil Engineering) ;
  • Kotan, Turkay (Erzurum Technical University, Department of Civil Engineering)
  • 투고 : 2020.01.09
  • 심사 : 2020.11.12
  • 발행 : 2020.12.10

초록

This paper presents an investigation of the thermal performance of composite floor slabs with profiled steel decking exposed to fire effects from floor. A detailed finite-element model has been developed by representing the concrete slab with steel decking under of it and steel beam both steel parts protected by intumescent coating. Although this type of floor systems offers a better fire resistance, passive fire protection materials should be applied when a higher fire resistance is desired. Moreover, fire exposed side is so crucial for composite slab systems as the total fire behaviour of the floor system changes dramatically. When the fire attack from steel parts, the temperature rises rapidly resulting in a sudden decrease on the strength of the beam and decking. Herein this paper, the fire attack side is assumed from the face of the concrete floor (top of the concrete assembly). Therefore, the heat is transferred through concrete to the steel decking and reaching finally to the steel beam both protected by intumescent coating. In this work, the numerical model has been established to predict the heat transfer performance including material properties such as thermal conductivity, specific heat and dry film thickness of intumescent coating. The developed numerical model has been divided into different layers to understand the sensitivity of steel temperature to the number of layers of intumescent coating. Results show that the protected composite floors offer a higher fire resistance as the temperature of the steel section remains below 60℃ even after 60-minute Standard (ISO) fire and Fast fire exposure. Obtaining lower temperatures in steel due to the great fire performance of the concrete itself results in lesser reductions of strength and stiffness hence, lesser deflections.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Alam, N., Nadjai, A., Ali, F. and Nadjai, W. (2018), "Structural response of unprotected and protected slim floors in fire", J. Constr. Steel Res., 142, 44-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.12.009.
  2. Ansys®. (2013), Ansys meshing user's guide (Ansys Release 15.0). Canonsburg, PA, USA: Ansys Inc.
  3. Atacelik. ADP92050 Tam Kesit Ozellikleri (ADP92050 Full Section Properties) [Online]. Available: http://atacelik.net/PDF/P1_ATAPANEL.pdf [Accessed].
  4. Both, I., Wald, F. and Zaharia, R. (2016), "Benchmark for numerical analysis of steel and composite floors exposed to fire using a general purpose FEM code", J. Appl. Eng. Sci., 14, 275-284. https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes14-8664.
  5. CEN. (2005a), EN 1993-1-2: Eurocode 3. Design of Steel Structures. Part 1.2: General Rules - Structural fire design. BSI: London.
  6. CEN. (2005b), EN 1994-1-2:2005, Eurocode 4: Design of Composite Steel and Concrete Structures - Part 1-2: General Rules - Structural Fire Design. Part 1-2: General Rules - Structural Fire Design. BSI: London.
  7. CEN. (2013), EN 13381-8:2013 Test methods for determining the contribution to the fire resistance of structural members. Part 8: Applied reactive protection to steel members. BSI: London.
  8. Cirpici, B.K., Orhan, S.N. and Kotan, T. (2019a), "Numerical modelling of heat transfer through protected composite structural members", International Civil Engineering and Architecture Conference 2019 (ICEARC 2019), Trabzon-Turkey.
  9. Cirpici, B.K., Orhan, S.N. and Kotan, T. (2019b), "Numerical modelling of heat transfer through protected composite structural members", Challenge J. Struct. Mech., 5(3), 96-107. https://doi.org/10.20528/cjsmec.2019.03.003.
  10. Cirpici, B.K., Orhan, S.N. and Kotan, T. (2019c), "Thermal performance of protected composite slab-beam systems exposed to fire", Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Advanced Engineering Technologies, Bayburt-Turkey.
  11. Cirpici, B.K., Wang, Y.C. and Rogers, B. (2016a), "Assessment of the thermal conductivity of intumescent coatings in fire", Fire Saf. J., 81, 74-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2016.01.011.
  12. Cirpici, B.K., Wang, Y.C., Rogers, B.D. and Bourbigot, S. (2016b), "A theoretical model for quantifying expansion of intumescent coating under different heating conditions", Polymer Eng. Sci., 56(7), 798-809. https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.24308.
  13. Du, C., Liu, G., Qiao, G., Ma, S. and Cai, W. (2018), "Transient thermal analysis of standard planetary roller screw mechanism based on finite element method", Adv. Mech. Eng., 10(12), 1687814018812305. 10.1177/1687814018812305.
  14. Horacek, H. (2009), "Reactions of stoichiometric intumescent paints", J. Appl. Polymer Sci., 113, 1745-1756. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.29940.
  15. Institute, T.S.C. (2008), Slimflor Compendium, Report to Corus CSD. Version 01 ed.
  16. (ISO), I. O. f. S. (2014), ISO 834-11:2014 Fire resistance tests - Elements of building construction - Part 11: Specific requirements for the assessment of fire protection to structural steel elements.
  17. Jiang, J., Main, J.A., Weigand, J.M. and Sadek, F.H. (2018), "Thermal performance of composite slabs with profiled steel decking exposed to fire effects", Fire Saf. J., 95, 25-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2017.10.003.
  18. Khorasani, N.E., Gernay, T. and Fang, C. (2019), "Parametric study for performance-based fire design of US prototype composite floor systems", J. Struct. Eng., 145(5), 04019030. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002315.
  19. Lakshmikandhan, K.N., Sivakumar, P., Ravichandran, R. and Jayachandran, S.A. (2013), "Investigations on efficiently interfaced steel concrete composite deck slabs", J. Struct., 2013, 628759. 10.1155/2013/628759.
  20. Li, G.Q. and Wang, W.Y. (2013), "A simplified approach for fire-resistance design of steel-concrete composite beams", Steel Compos. Struct., 14(3), 295-312. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2013.14.3.295.
  21. Lim, L. and Wade, C. (2002), Experimental Fire Tests of Two-Way Concrete Slabs. In: Limited, B. (ed.) Fire Engineering Research Report 02/12. Porirua City, New Zealand: University of Canterbury.
  22. Mahachi, J. (1994), "Response of composite bond-deck slabs to fatigue load", Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Steel Structures, Jakarta, Indonesia.
  23. Mahachi, J. (1995), "A comparison of two decking profiles subjected to fatigue load", Proceedings of the RILEM International Conference on Dynamic Behaviour of Concrete Structures, Bratislava, Slovakia, 210-211.
  24. Mahachi, J. and Dundu, M. (2012), "Prediction of the debonding/slip load of composite deck slabs using fracture mechanics", J. South African Inst. Civil Eng., 54, 112-116.
  25. Maraveas, C., Swailes, T. and Wang, Y. (2012), "A detailed methodology for the finite element analysis of asymmetric slim floor beams in fire", Steel Constr., 5(3), 191-198. 10.1002/stco.201210024
  26. Mariappan, T. (2016), "Recent developments of intumescent fire protection coatings for structural steel: A review", 34(2), 120-163. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734904115626720.
  27. Nguyen, T.T. and Tan, K.H. (2017), "Behaviour of composite floors with different sizes of edge beams in fire", J. Constr. Steel Res., 129, 28-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.10.018.
  28. Nguyen, T.T., Tan, K.H. and Burgess, I.W. (2015), "Behaviour of composite slab-beam systems at elevated temperatures: Experimental and numerical investigation", Eng. Struct., 82, 199-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.10.044
  29. Orhan, S. N. & Ozyazicioglu, M. H. (2019), "Evaluation of sternum closure methods by means of a nonlinear finite element analysis", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine, 233(12), 1282-1291. 10.1177/0954411919880703
  30. Pantousa, D. and Mistakidis, E. (2017), "Rotational capacity of pre-damaged I-section steel beams at elevated temperatures", Steel Compos. Struct., 23(1), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2017.23.1.053.
  31. Piloto, P.A.G., Balsa, C., Ribeiro, F. and Rigobello, R. (2020a), "Computational simulation of the thermal effects on composite slabs under fire conditions", Math. Comput. Sci., 10.1007/s11786-020-00466-0.
  32. Piloto, P.A.G., Balsa, C., Ribeiro, F.F. and Rigobello, R. (2020b), "Three-dimensional numerical analysis on the fire behaviour of composite slabs with steel deck", Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering.
  33. Piloto, P.A.G., Balsa, C., Santos, L.M.C. and Kimura, E.F.A. (2020c), "Effect of the load level on the resistance of composite slabs with steel decking under fire conditions", J. Fire Sci., 38(2), 212-231. 10.1177/0734904119892210.
  34. Podolski, D. (2017), "Temperature Distribution in Intumescent Coating Protected Steel Sections", Master of Philisophy, University of Manchester.
  35. Tan, K.H. and Nguyen, T.T. (2015), "Experimental and numerical evaluation of composite floor systems under fire conditions", J. Constr. Steel Res., 105, 86-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2014.11.002.
  36. Wang, L.L., Wang, Y.C., Yuan, J.F. and Li, G.Q. (2013), "Thermal conductivity of intumescent coating char after accelerated aging", 37(6), 440-456. https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.2137.
  37. Wang, Y., Jiang, Y., Huang, Z., Li, L., Huang, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, G., Zhang, X. and Duan, Y. (2021), "Post-fire behaviour of continuous reinforced concrete slabs under different fire conditions", Eng. Struct., 226, 10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111342.
  38. Zhang, Y., Wang, Y.C., Bailey, C.G. and Taylor, A.P. (2012), "Global modelling of fire protection performance of intumescent coating under different cone calorimeter heating conditions", Fire Saf. J., 50, 51-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2012.02.004.