Journal of Environmental Science International (한국환경과학회지)

The Korean Environmental Sciences Society (한국환경과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Meteorological Conditions for the Cloud Seeding Experiment by Aircraft in Korea

인공강우 항공실험을 위한 한반도 기상조건의 예비결과

  • Jung, Woonseon (Convergence Meteorological Research Department, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Chang, Ki-Ho (Convergence Meteorological Research Department, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Ko, A-Reum (Convergence Meteorological Research Department, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Ku, Jung Mo (Convergence Meteorological Research Department, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Ro, Yonghun (Convergence Meteorological Research Department, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Chae, Sanghee (Convergence Meteorological Research Department, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Cha, Joo Wan (Convergence Meteorological Research Department, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Lee, Chulkyu (Convergence Meteorological Research Department, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences)
  • 정운선 (국립기상과학원 융합기술연구부) ;
  • 장기호 (국립기상과학원 융합기술연구부) ;
  • 고아름 (국립기상과학원 융합기술연구부) ;
  • 구정모 (국립기상과학원 융합기술연구부) ;
  • 노용훈 (국립기상과학원 융합기술연구부) ;
  • 채상희 (국립기상과학원 융합기술연구부) ;
  • 차주완 (국립기상과학원 융합기술연구부) ;
  • 이철규 (국립기상과학원 융합기술연구부)
  • Received : 2021.11.11
  • Accepted : 2021.12.07
  • Published : 2021.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the optimal meteorological conditions for cloud seeding using aircraft over the Korean Peninsula. The weather conditions were analyzed using various data sources such as a weather chart, upper air observation, aircraft observation, and a numerical model for cloud seeding experiments conducted from 2018 to 2019 by the National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Korea Meteorological Administration. Cloud seeding experiments were performed in the seasons of autumn (37.0%) and winter (40.7%) in the West Sea and Gangwon-do. Silver iodide (70.4%) and calcium chloride (29.6%) were used as cloud seeding materials for the experiments. The cloud seeding experiments used silver iodide in cold clouds. Aircraft observation revealed relatively low temperatures, low liquid water content, and strong wind speeds in clouds with a weak updraft. In warm clouds, the cloud seeding experiments used calcium chloride. Observations included relatively high temperatures, high liquid water content, and weak wind speeds in clouds with a weak updraft. Based upon these results, we determined the comprehensive meteorological conditions for cloud seeding experiments using aircraft over the Korean Peninsula. The understanding of optimal weather conditions for cloud seeding gained from this study provide information critical for performing successful cloud seeding and rain enhancement.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 연구는 기상청 국립기상과학원 「기상항공기 활용기술 개발연구」(KMA2018-00222) 의 지원으로 수행되었습니다.

References

  1. Cha, J. W., Seo, S. K., Yang, H. Y., Chae, S. H., Ko, A. R., Ro, Y. H., Kim, K. E., Park, D. H., Lee, J. H., Jung, W., Ha, J. C., 2018, Principle and application of precipitation enhancement, NIMS, Jeju, 1-92.
  2. Cha, J. W., Jung, W., Chae, S., Ko, A. R., Ro, Y., Chang, K. H., Seo, S., Ha, J. C., Park, D., Hwang, H. J., Kim, M. H., Kim, K. E., Ku, J. M., 2019, Analysis of results and technics about precipitation enhancement by aircraft seeding in Korea, Atmos., 29, 481-499. https://doi.org/10.14191/Atmos.2019.29.4.481
  3. Cho, Y. J., Lee, H. C., Lim, B., Kim, S. B., 2019, Classification of weather patterns in the East Asia region using the K-means clustering analysis, Atmos., 29, 451-461. https://doi.org/10.14191/Atmos.2019.29.4.451
  4. Chung, K. Y., Kim, H. K., Lee, S. K., Jung, Y. S., 1998, The distribution of liquid water content (LWC) and the potential enhancement of precipitation over Andong area observed from microwave radiometer, Korean J. Remote Sens., 14(2), 165-174. https://doi.org/10.7780/KJRS.1998.14.2.165
  5. Colorado Water Conservation Board, 2015, Inventory and assessment of Colorado weather modification programs: A summary of current programs and opportunities for enhancement, CWCB, Colorado, 1-300.
  6. Flossmann, A. I., Manton, M., Abshaev, A., Bruintjes, R., Murakami, M., Prabhakaran, T., Yao, Z., 2019, Review of advances in precipitation enhancement research, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 1465-1480.
  7. Hashimoto, A., Murakami, M., Haginoya, S., 2017, First application of JMA-NHM to meteorological simulation over the United Arab Emirates, SOLA, 13, 146-150. https://doi.org/10.2151/sola.2017-027
  8. Jung, S. P., Lee, C., Kim, J. H., Yang, H. J., Yun, J. H., Ko, H. J., Hong, S. E., Kim, S. B., 2020, Thermodynamic characteristics of snowfall clouds using dropsonde data during ICE-POP 2018, Atmos., 30, 1-16.
  9. Jung, W., Murakami, M., Shinoda, T., Kato, M., 2018, Optimization of land surface parameters for weather simulations over arid and semi-arid regions, SOLA, 14, 197-202. https://doi.org/10.2151/sola.2018-035
  10. Ko, A. R., Kim, B. G., Eun, S. H., Park, Y. S., Choi, B. C., 2016, Analysis of the relationship of water vapor with precipitation for the winter ESSAY (experiment on snow storms at Yeongdong) period, Atmos., 26(1), 19-33. https://doi.org/10.14191/Atmos.2016.26.1.019
  11. Lee, C., Chang, K. H., Cha, K. H., Jung, J. W., Jeong, J. Y., Yang, H. Y., Seo, S. K., Bae, J. Y., Kang, S. Y., Choi, Y. J., Cho, H. M., Choi, C. Y., 2010, Estimation for the economic benefit of weather modification (Precipitation enhancement and for dissipation), Atmos., 20, 187-194.
  12. Neal, R., Fereday, D., Crocker, R., Comer, R. E., 2016, A Flexible approach to definition weather patterns and their application in weather forecasting over Europe, Meteorol. Appl., 23, 239-400.
  13. Nguyen-Le, D., Yamada, T. J., Tran-Anh, D., 2017, Classification and forecast of heavy rainfall in northern Kyushu during Baiu season using weather pattern recognition, Atmos. Sci. Let., 18, 324-329. https://doi.org/10.1002/asl.759
  14. Schaefer, V. J., 1946, The production of ice crystals in a cloud of supercooled water droplets, Science, 104, 457-459. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.104.2707.457
  15. Tai, Y., Liang, H., Zaki, A., Hadri, N. E., Abshaev, A. M., Huchinaev, B. M., Griffiths, S., Jouiad, M., Zou, L., 2017, Core/shell microstructure induced synergistic effect for efficient water-droplet formation and cloud-seeding application, ACS Nano, 11, 12318-12325. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.7b06114
  16. Vonnegut, B., 1947, The nucleation of ice formation by silver-iodide, J. Appl. Phys., 18, 593-595. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1697813
  17. World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 2018, Peer review report on global precipitation enhancement activities, WWRP 2018-1, WMO, Gevena, 1-129.
  18. Yang, I. K., 1965, Basic investigation and preliminary Field test for Precipitation Enhancement. Asia-Pac. J. Atmos. Sci., 1-13.