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A Review on Development of PPO-based Anion Exchange Membranes

PPO 기반 음이온 교환막 소재 개발 동향

  • An, Seong Jin (School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Ki Jung (School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Yu, Somi (School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Ryu, Gun Young (Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Chi, Won Seok (School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University)
  • 안성진 (전남대학교 고분자융합소재공학부) ;
  • 김기중 (전남대학교 고분자융합소재공학부) ;
  • 유소미 (전남대학교 고분자융합소재공학부) ;
  • 류건영 (전남대학교 고분자공학과 대학원) ;
  • 지원석 (전남대학교 고분자융합소재공학부)
  • Received : 2021.11.16
  • Accepted : 2021.12.15
  • Published : 2021.12.31
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Abstract

Anion exchange membranes have been used for water electrolysis, which can produce hydrogen, and fuel cells, which can generate electrical energy using hydrogen fuel. Anion exchange membranes operate based on hydroxide ion (OH-) conduction under alkaline conditions. However, since the anion exchange membrane shows relatively low ion conductivity and alkaline stability, there is still a limit to its commercialization in water electrolysis and fuel cells. To address these issues, it is important to develop novel anion exchange membrane materials by rationally designing a polymer structure. In particular, the polymer structure and synthetic method need to be controlled. By doing so, for polymers, the physical properties, ionic conductivity, and alkaline stability can be maintained. Among many anion exchange membranes, poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) is commercially available and easily accessible. In addition, the PPO has relatively high mechanical and chemical stability compared to other polymers. In this review, we introduce the recent development strategy and characteristics of PPO-based polymer materials used in anion exchange membranes.

음이온 교환막은 수소를 생산할 수 있는 수전해와 수소 연료를 사용하여 전기 에너지를 사용할 수 있는 연료전지 시스템에 사용될 수 있다. 음이온 교환막은 알칼라인 조건에서 수산화 이온(OH-) 전도를 기반으로 작동한다. 하지만, 음이온 교환막은 상대적으로 낮은 이온 전도도와 알칼라인 안정성을 보이기 때문에 아직 수전해 및 연료전지에 상용화되는 데 한계가 존재한다. 이를 해결하기 위해서는 고분자 구조를 합리적으로 설계하여 새로운 음이온 교환막 소재를 개발하는 것이 필수적이다. 특히, 고분자의 물성, 이온전도도, 그리고 알칼라인 안정성이 우수하게 유지될 수 있도록 고분자 구조 및 합성 방법 등을 제어하여 한다. 음이온 교환막 중에서 Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) 기반의 소재는 상용화 되어 접근이 용이하다. 또한, 다른 고분자에 비해 상대적으로 기계적인 특성 및 화학적 안정성이 높아 음이온 교환막 개발에 자주 사용되고 있다. 본 총설에서는 음이온 교환막에서 사용되는 PPO 기반의 고분자 소재 개발 전략 및 특성에 대해서 소개하고자 한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 전남대학교 학술연구비(과제번호: 2021-2257) 지원에 의하여 연구되었음. 또한, 이 논문은 2021년도 정부(산업통산자원부)의 재원으로 한국산업기술진흥원의 지원에 의해서 수행된 연구임(과제번호: P0012770, 2021년 산업혁신인재성장지원사업).

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