형광램프 시스템의 설계에서 안정기의 실패는 형광램프의 특성을 고려하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 특히, 시동시 과도특성에 근거한 형광램프의 동작모델을 등가회로로 알아내기 위해 실험에 의해 얻어진 결과를 등가희로 모델링과 Pspice 시뮬레이션에 의해 나타난 결과와 비교 분석하였으며, 특히 고주파용 형광램프의 동작 특성은 동작주파수, 형상, 램프 전압 및 전류값에 따라 차이가 많기 때문에 형광램프의 특성은 안정기의 특성을 고려한 형광램프 시스템에 동작특성 정합성에 매우 중요하다. 형광램프에 대한 고주파 특성으로 가장 많이 사용되는 주파수 영역(12Khz - 50Khz)에 대해서 실험, 분석한 결과 형광램프의 부(負)임피던스 동작특성을 파악하고 고주파 형광램프의 최적 특성치를 선택할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다.

광원에 대하여 서로 다른 여러개의 각도방향에서 광원을 바라볼 때 관측되는 광도분포 및 재귀반사성능을 측정하기 위해 광도분포 측정장치(배광측정기)를 제작하였다. 이 장치는 광원을 좌우로 360도, 상하로 $\pm$30도 회전시킬 수 있는 광원회전장치, 광검출기로 광전자중배관(PM Tube)을 쓰는 수광부 및 재귀반사성능 측정용 투광기와 제어 및 표시부로 구성되어 있다. 광도 측정범위는 0.01-199900 cd , 관측각범위은 0.2-1.5도 이고 광도의 측정오차는 $\pm$3% 이다. 제작된 장치의 구조와 성능평가결과가 제시되었다.

형광램프의 점등에 필요한 안정기를 전자화하여, 안정기의 소형경량화 및 안정기의 효율을 높일 수 있다. 또한, 동작주파수를 높일 수 있다. 또한, 동작주파수를 높임으로써 램프의 효율도 향상시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 직관 형광램프(10W)와 콤팩트 형광램프(13W)에 대하여, 입력 주파수에 대한 형광램프의 발광효율의 변화를 실험하였다. 입력 주파수의 증가에 의하여 두 가지 램프의 효율이 증가하였고, 80[kHz] 이상에서는 효율의 변화가 둔화되었다.

계절별로 태양의 위치와 강렬한 광선에 의한 칠판의 눈부심 현상은 교실내 조도가 충분한데도 불구하고 복도쪽과 창쪽의 앞줄 학생에게는 많은 시각 장애를 주어 판서를 읽을 수 없는 상태에까지 이르고 있으며 흐린날과 비오는날은 교실 조도가 매우 낮아 수업을 하기에 매우 어려운 상태에 이르고 있다. 학교에서는 자리배치를 획일적으로 키순으로 정하고 있는데 거리에 따른 시력인지도가 차이가 나서 뒷자리 학생은 시책이 1.0인데도 불구하고 1.0이하로 시력이 저하되고 창쪽과 복도쪽의 앞줄 학생은 눈부심 현상에 따른 판서의 인지도(시력)가 매우 낮아 학습효과가 반감되고 학습의욕을 떨어뜨리는 요인이 되고 있다. 따라서 학교에서는 학교 건물의 구조 변경과 칠판의 위치변경 및 재질향상을 시키며 칠판에 대한 국부적인 조명시설을 해주어야 하며 학생들의 자리를 획일적으로 키순으로 배치할 것이 아니라 일정한 주기로 바꿔 주어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

This paper reports the development of an electronic starter for fluorescent lamps, which is so smartly designed that can be used directly in existing installations. The key point of the design lies in the protection of lamp filaments by sufficient preheating and at the same time in the control of time constant for start-up circuit. The starter is consisted of three system parts: a rectifier pact, a switching part. and a gate control part. The characteristics of the developed electronic starter is compared with those of a conventional glow starter. As a result, blackening of lamps is almost reduced due to the stable and idealized start-up characteristics. And, furthermore, it is shown that its slaving time is shortened at about half the level of the conventional one and the starting power is also reduced.

In this paper, the pulsed mode operated gas discharge tube is composed with mixed gas of Hg-Ne (10 Torr), in the tube of 15.0 mm outer diameter and has variable color from red to blue with changing frequency high voltage. As increasing frequency in the gas discharge tube, the phenomena, that the electron temperature in the positive column increases and the radiation from atoms of higher upper state energy levels increases, exist The color have the locus from red (0.4972, 0.3128) to blue (0.2736, 0.2619) in CIE chromacity diagram with increasing frequency. The method of changing frequency has been shown to be suitable for the luminous color control.

Electron temperature and electron density were measured in a radio-frequency(rf) inductively coupled plasma using probe measurements. Measurements were made in an argon discharge for pressures from 10 to 100mTorr and input rf power from 100 to 800W. Spatial distribution Electron temperature and electron density were measured for discharge with same aspect ratio. Electron temperature and Electron density were found to depend on both pressure and power. Electron density was creased with increasing pressure, but peaked in a 70mTorr discharge. Radial distribution of the electron density was peaked in the plasma fringes. These results were compared to a simple model of inductively coupled plasmas.

This paper describes the visual adaptation in the transition zone in the iterior of museum. Peoples can feel the interior of exhibition room brighter than it is through two-stage adaptation of visual system, which enables comfortable viewing under somewhat low illuminance level. It is recommended using low-reflectance materials on the front wall of the museum, and providing sufficient tranzition zones in front of the exhibition room and in intermediate spaces between rooms.

This Paper describes Peak load forecasting technique of pole transformers with correlation equation. While customers are demanding safe energy supply, current correlation equation that is used for load management of pole transformers has some problems. To get accurate correlation equation. several correlation equation were examined using past data and nu data collected using the measuring instrument developed for this study. It was recognized that the quadratic equation was the most accurate for peak load forecasting from working electrical energy.

This paper deals with the design considerations and characteristics analysis of a SCR rectifier in pulsed over load operation. The Pulse repetition rate is one every 150 seconds and each current pulse width is 10 seconds. Therefore the characteristics of the transformer and SCR rectifier which consist the pulsed DC power supply are different from those of the conventional AC/DC power converters having continuous load. The variations of the DC output voltage drop, PF and THD versus the %Z of the transformer is analyzed through simulations and the experimental results thought to be useful in design high power pulsed DC power suppler.

An image of future power system which has introduced superconducting generator, cable, transformer, fault current limiter, SMES and so on is presented. Conceptual designs of each SC machines and devices are carried out. The SC cable and SFCL utilize the high Tc superconductor(HTS) cooled by liquid $N_2$Other devices use low temperature superconducting cooled by He. The SC power system models are proposed detailedly. In viewpoint of the operation and control SC power system, The concrete design direction and effective role of each SC apparatus are investigated. In this paper, it is pointed that superconducting fault limiters(SFCLs) should play an important part of the quenching current level coordination to prevent the other SC devices from quenching. Finially, SFCL are also expected to he very effective to introduce flexibility of power system configuration and operation due to their possibility to enhance transient stability and reduce short circuit current.

This paper describes a diagnosis of distribution cable splices by analysis of ultrasonic signals which are generated by partial discharge. A method of ultrasonic signal was used to detect internal defects in distribution cable splices. It is possible that analysis of ultrasonic signal predicts failure by partial discharge generated in distribution cable splices.

This study describes that electrical breakdown of liquid nitrogen which is influenced with bubble has been investigated as liquid nitrogen is used coolant of high temperature(T/sub c/) superconductivity. In order to investigate breakdown of liquid nitrogen, we formed electrode system of parallel and vertical configuration toward gravitutional direction. In case of changing with electrode configuration of equal electrode and gap spacing in uniform and nonuniform electric field bubble behavior is changed. In result of that, breakdown voltage is changed. Therefore, this study proved that electrode configuration must be formed the smallest existing probability of bubble between two electrodes in order to increase breakdown strength of liquid nitrogen at atmosphere pressure.

The electron energy distributions function were analysed in sulphur hexaflouride at E/N : 500~800(Td) for a case of non-equilibrium ion in the mean electron energy. This paper describes the electron transport characteristics in SF$_{6}$ gas calculated for range of E/N values from 150~800(Td) by the Monte Carlo simulation and Boltzmann equation method using a set of electron collision cross sections determined by the authors and the values of electron swarm parameters. The results gained that the value of an electron swarm parameter such as the electron drift velocity, the electron ionization or attachment coefficients, longitudinal and transverse diffusion coefficients agree with the experimental and theoretical for a range of E/N. The properties of electron avalanches in an electron energy non-equilibrium region.n.