• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.213-218
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• 2017

Rice is the staple food of at least half of the world's population. Due to global warming, the weather is difficult to forecast nowadays. Therefore, it is necessary to breed various breeding to respond to such changes in the environment. This study was conducted to analyze the QTL about plant form, culm length, ear number and ear length by using 120 lines by anther culture, a cross between the Indica variety Cheongcheong and Japonica variety Nagdong. DNA marker was selected on the QTLs gene, and the following results were obtained. CNDH (Cheongcheong Nagdong Doubled Haploid) lines frequency distribution table curves about culm length, ear number and ear length exhibited showed a continuous variation close to a normal distribution. QTL analysis result, on culm length qPlL1-1 and qPlL1-2 were detected on the chromosome 1 and qPlL5 was detected on the chromosome 5. However, on ear length qPL2, qPL3 and qPL10, were detected on the chromosome 2, 3 and 10, while on ear number qPN1-1 and qPN1-2 were detected on the chromosome 1, qPN9 was detected on the chromosome 9. The QTLs related to culm length was found to chromosomes 5 and LOD scores were 3.81. The QTLs related to ear length was found to chromosomes 2 and 3 LOD scores were 7.13 and 3.20. The QTLs related to ear number was found to chromosome 9 and LOD scores were 4.27. Twenty two (22) Japonica cultivars and 12 Indica cultivars were analyzed polymorphisms, using selected 9 markers from the result about plant form analysis. RM5311, RM555 and RM8111 about the culm length, the ear length and number of ear were selected on the standard of Cheongcheong and Nagdong. Each rate of concordances about the culm length, the ear length and number of ear are 44.11%, 41.17% and 44.11%.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.601-610
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• 2021

The tidal current patterns at Keum River Estuary before and after the construction of coastal structures were compared according to the CASES. The depth-integrated and tidal difference treatment applied FLOW2DH numerical model was used for the tidal current predictions. The test conditions consisted of before construction of coastal structures (CASE1), after construction of coastal structures (CASE2), and the addition of watergate operation(CASE1Q and CASE2Q), and present (CASE3). CASE1 showed a stable tidal current pattern, such as a natural estuary. In CASE2, the tidal current velocities and directions of the Keum River Estuary were changed due to the installed coastal structures. In particular, the tidal current velocities of the Gaeya open channel sections (P5~P9) in CASE2 were calculated to be 10~30% larger than that of CASE1. In the case of the Gunsan Inner Harbor (P4), which is closest to the Geum River Estuary, the ebb flow rate was approximately 250~300% faster than that of other CASEs due to the discharge of the watergate operation for 2.7 hours during the ebb of CASE1Q and CASE2Q. This will affect sediment transport, and it is predicted to lead to seabed changes. CASE3 is considered to be entering the stabilization stage according to the simulation of the tidal current velocities and directions of the Keum River Estuary and the surrounding coastal area.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.182-186
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• 2010

Effect of cobalt substitution on the sintering behavior and magnetic properties of a NiZnCu ferrite was studied. $Ni_{0.36-x}Co_xZn_{0.44}Cu_{0.22}Fe_{1.98}O_4(0{\leq}x{\leq}0.04)$ ferrite was fabricated by a solid stat reaction method. It was proposed and experimentally verified that $Co^{2+}$ substituted NiZnCu ferrite was effective on improving the quality factor and magnetic properties of NiZnCu ferrites for multilayer chip inductors. The ferrite was sintered without sintering aids, at $880{\sim}920^{\circ}C$, for 2 h and the initial permeability, quality factor, density, shrinkage, saturation magnetization, and coercivity were also measured. The quality factor (Q) was increased linearly up to x = 0.01 and decreased rapidly over x = 0.01. As the cobalt content increased, the initial permeability and density of the ferrites decreases. The initial permeability of toroidal sample for $Ni_{0.35}Co_{0.01}Zn_{0.44}Cu_{0.22}Fe_{1.98}O_4$ ferrites sintered at $900^{\circ}C$ was 130 at 1 MHz and quality factor was 230.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.63-67
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• 2009

Escherichia coli K-12 (E. coli K-12) is a representative indicator globally used for distinguishing and monitoring dynamic fates of pathogenic microorganisms in the environment. This study investigated how to most critically quantify lacZ ($\beta$-galactosidase) gene in E. coli K-12 by two different real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) in association with three different DNA extraction practices. Three DNA extractions, i.e., sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/proteinase K, magnetic beads and guanidium thiocyanate (GTC)/silica matrix were each compared for extracting total genomic DNA from E. coli K-12. Among them, GTC/silica matrix and magnetic beads beating similarly worked out to have the highest (22-23 ng/${\mu}L$) concentration of DNA extracted, but employing SDS/proteinase K had the lowest (10 ng/${\mu}L$) concentration of DNA retrieved. There were no significant differences in the quantification of the copy numbers of lacZ gene between SYBR Green I qPCR and QProbe-qPCR. However, SYBR Green I qPCR obtained somewhat higher copy number as $1{\times}10^8$ copies. It was decided that GTC/silica matrix extraction or magnetic beads beating in combination with SYBR Green I qPCR can be preferably applied for more effectively quantifying specific gene from a pure culture of microorganism.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.570-577
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of bone mineral density on life styles, dietary habits and nutrient intakes among the male college students. The subjects were divided into four groups; $Q_1$ (calcaneus BMD < 25 percentile, n = 117), $Q_2$ (25 percentile $\le$ calcaneus BMD < 50 percentile, n = 118), $Q_3$ (50 percentile $\le$ calcaneus BMD < 75 percentile, n = 118) $Q_4$ (calcaneus BMD $\ge$ 75 percentile, n = 116). And they were asked about general characteristics, life style, dietary habit, and nutrient intake using questionnaire and 24-hr recall method. They were measured the bone mineral density of calcaneus using quantitative ultrasound. The average age of the subjects of the study was 23.0 yews and the average height, weight, and BMI were 174.7 cm, 69.0 kg, $22.5 kg/m^2$. The bone mineral density in calcaneus was $0.43 g/cm^2$ in $Q_1,\;0.50 g/cm^2$ in $Q_2,\;0.56 g/cm^2$ in $Q_3$, and $0.69 g/cm^2$ in $Q_4$ (p < 0.001). The results showed that $Q_1$ tended to have irregular exercise compared to the other three groups. Compared with $Q_1$ and $Q_2$, the frequency of skipping breakfast was lower in $Q_3$ and $Q_4$. Also the results showed that the $Q_4$ was significantly more often to drink coffee compared with the other three groups (p < 0.01). The mean daily energy intake was 2210.6 kcal ($88.4\%$ of RDA). The intake of energy, vitamin $B_2$, calcium, and zinc did not meet the Korean RDA. Also the $Q_2$consumed significantly lower intakes of protein (p < 0.05) and plant protein (p < 0.05) compared to the $Q_3$ and $Q_4$. The $Q_1$ and $Q_2$ consumed significantly lower intakes of vitamin $B_2$ (p < 0.01) compared to the $Q_3$ and $Q_4$. In conclusion, male student in lower bone mineral density appeared to have unhealthy life styles and dietary habits in terms of irregular exercise, high frequency of skipping breakfast and lower intakes of protein, vitamin $B_2$ showing a strong need proper education on meal practices and exercise habits for the bone health.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.10
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• pp.1171-1174
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• 2009

Edwards syndrome, also called trisomy 18, is one of the most common autosomal anomalies. The survival rate of patients with Edwards syndrome is very low and its characteristic findings include cardiac malformations, mental retardation, growth retardation, specific craniofacial anomalies, clenched hands, rocker-bottom feet, and omphalocele. Compared with the classic Edwards syndrome, the symptom of partial duplication of chromosome 18 is relatively mild with a good prognosis. We report the case of a baby with partial duplication 18q11.2-q12. The characteristic phenotype features of Edwards syndrome were observed in the patient. However, the symptom was milder than the typical Edwards syndrome. At present, we can expect better prognosis for this patient.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.62-66
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• 2017

Interchromosomal insertion of Y chromosome heterochromatin in an autosome was identified in a fetus and a family. A fetal karyotype was analyzed as 46,XX,dup(7)(?q22q21.1) in a referred amniocentesis at 16 weeks of gestation for advanced maternal age. In the familial karyotype analyses for identification of der(7), the mother, the first daughter and the maternal grandmother showed the same der(7) as the fetus's. CBG-banding was positive at 7q22 region of der(7) that indicated inserted material was originated from heterochromatin. The origin of heterochromatic insertion region in der(7) of the fetus and the mother was found in Yq12 region by fluorescent in situ hybridization with a DYZ1 probe. In the specific analysis of Y chromosomal heterochromatic region of ins(7;Y) of the mother, 15 sequence tagged sites from Yp11.3 region including SRY to Yq11.223 region was not detected. Final karyotypes of the mother, the first daughter and the maternal grandmother were reported as 46,XX,der(7)ins(7;Y)(q21.3;q12q12). All female carriers of ins(7;Y) in the family showed normal phenotype and the mother and the maternal grandmother were fertile. A healthy girl was born at term. We report a rare case of familial interchromosomal insertion of Y chromosome heterochromatin detected only in female family members with normal phenotype that was diagnosed prenatally.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.50-58
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• 2004

The aim of this study was to characterize the forest vegetation structure and site of Quercus serrata forest for ecological forest management and ecological niche. The results are as follows : The chemical properties of Q. serrata forest soil were 0.24% of total nitrogen, 8.27 of organic matter, 74ppm of available phosphorous, 1.64(me/100g) of Ca, 0.22(me/100g) of Mg, 0.74(me/100g) of K and 9.3(me/100g) of cation exchangeable capacity. The dominant species in Quercus serrata forest were Quercus serrata, Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, Quercus mongolica, Styrax obassia, Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Styrax japonica. DBH analysis showed that Quercus serrata seems to remain as a dominant species for the present because they had random distribution based on few of big individuality, many of small and middle individuality. But the Q. serrata community is competing with Q. mongolica and F. rhynchophylla, whose density of small individuality has increased. With the classification of TWINSPAN, Q. serrata forest was classified three groups, such as Q. serrata-Acer mono, Q. serrata, Q. serrata-Q. acutissima communities. The results of the correlation analysis of Q. serrata major communities and environment factors are as follows; Q. serrata-A. mono community was found relatively in high elevated and eastern and northern area that has relatively high percentage organic matter. Also Q. serrata community was found in high elevated and eastern and northern area that has high percentage organic matter. Q. serrata-Q. acutissima community was found in low elevated and southern and western area that has low percentage organic matter.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.38 no.11
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• pp.1046-1054
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• 2001

Effects of B$_2$O$_3$and CuO addition on the microwave dielectric properties of the PbWO$_4$-TiO$_2$ceramics were investigated in order to use this material as an LTCC material for fabrication of a multilayered RF passive components module. We found that PbWO$_4$could be used as an LTCC material because of its low sintering temperature (8$50^{\circ}C$) and fairy good microwave dielectric properties($\varepsilon$$_{r}$=21.5, Q$\times$f$_{0}$=37200 GHz and $\tau$$_{f}$ =-31 ppm/$^{\circ}C$). In order to stabilize $\tau$$_{f}$ of PbWO$_4$, TiO$_2$was added to the PbWO$_4$and the mixture was sintered at 8$50^{\circ}C$. A near zero $\tau$$_{f}$ value (+0.2 ppm/$^{\circ}C$) was obtained with 8.7 mol% TiO$_2$addition. $\varepsilon$r and Q$\times$f$_{0}$ values were 22.3 and 21400 GHz, respectively. It was believed that the decrement of Q$\times$f$_{0}$ value with TiO$_2$addition was resulted from increasing grain boundary. In order to improve Q$\times$f$_{0}$, various amounts of B$_2$O$_3$and CuO were added to the 0.913PbWO$_4$-0.087TiO$_2$mixture. The optimum amount of CuO was 0.05 wt%. At this addition, the 0.913PbWO$_4$-0.087TiO$_2$ceramic showed $\varepsilon$$_{r}$=23.5, $\tau$$_{f}$ =-2.2ppm/$^{\circ}C$, and Q$\times$f$_{0}$=32900 GHz after sintered at 8$50^{\circ}C$. In case of B$_2$O$_3$addition, the optimum amount range was 1.0~2.5 wt% at which we could obtain following results; $\varepsilon$$_{r}$=20.3~22.1, Q$\times$f$_{0}$=48700~54700 GHz, and $\tau$$_{f}$ =+2.4~+8.2ppm/$^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.120-126
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• 2016

This study was carried out to examine the relationships between seasonal variations of soil $CO_2$ efflux rates and soil environmental factors in matured Pinus densiflora and Quercus variabilis stands in the Wola national experimental forests, southern Korea. Soil $CO_2$ efflux rates were measured monthly from March 2015 to February 2016. Mean soil $CO_2$ efflux rates during the study period were significantly higher in the Q. variabilis ($mean{\pm}standard$ error; $2.27{\pm}0.22{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$) than in the P. densiflora ($1.63{\pm}0.12{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$) stands. Mean soil water content and pH were also significantly higher in the Q. variabilis ($26.96{\pm}0.93%$, pH 5.19) than in the P. densiflora ($21.32{\pm}0.89%$, pH 4.87) stands, while soil temperature was not significantly different between the P. densiflora ($13.92{\pm}0.67^{\circ}C$) and in the Q. variabilis ($13.52{\pm}0.70^{\circ}C$) stands. $Q_{10}$ values were higher in the Q. variabilis (3.35) than in the P. densiflora (2.72) stands. The results indicate that soil $CO_2$ efflux rates in Q. variabilis stand could be more sensitive by the change of soil temperature compared with P. densiflora stand under a similar site environmental condition.