• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.436-443
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there are differences in three attitudes-attitudes toward English learning, attitudes toward American, and attitudes toward American culture between Korean and Chinese university students learning Korean in Korea. The subjects are 211 students, who are 101 Korean and 110 Chinese. Gardner(1985)'s AMTB questionnaire was administered to measure the learners' attitudes. And the collected data were analyzed by t-test to examine the differences between two groups. The results of this study showed that there were statistically very significant differences in attitudes toward English learning and there were significant differences in attitudes toward American between two groups. But there were no differences statistically in attitudes toward American culture between two groups. To make better learning environment for English learners, the differences in other affective variables between two groups need to be studied.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.45-54
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• 2008

This study examines the influence of acculturation level and ethnic groups as a fashion reference group on Korean-American consumer attitude toward luxury fashion brands. Of interest is the role of Korean culture, which emphasizes luxury brand consumption due to the Confucion value of 'face', on Korean-American attitudes toward luxury brands. Data were collected from 108 young Korean-Americans living in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and multiple regressions were conducted for the analysis. In general, the respondents had relatively negative attitudes toward luxury fashion brands. Even though the acculturation level did not have a significant influence, attitudes toward luxury fashion brands were influenced by Korean reference groups. Age at immigration did not have a significant relationship with attitudes toward luxury brands. Korean-Americans who maintain ties with Korean culture are more likely to have a positive attitude towards luxury fashion, regardless of familarity with American culture.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.5 s.83
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• pp.53-68
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• 2006

This study examines Korean and American undergraduate students' intimacy toward the grandmother and their attitudes toward the elderly and aging. The study also identifies the variances that influence undergraduate students' attitudes. The subjects were 397 Korean and 364 America undergraduates. Statistical analysis was conducted to examine frequency, percentage, meat standard deviation, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, t-test, Duncan test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study were as follows; 1) Both Korean and American undergraduates' attitudes were mid-range, but their intimacy level toward their grandmother was high. 2) The Korean undergraduates' intimacy level differed significantly according to sex and religion, and it showed a significant correlation with attitudes toward the elderly and aging traits, when the student had lived with and had frequent contact with the grandmother. The American undergraduates' intimacy level, however, was significantly different according to the presence of the grandmother. There was also had a significant correlation with the undergraduate students' attitudes toward the elderly and aging traits, frequency of contact with the grandmother and year. 3) The variables that affect the Korean undergraduates' intimacy level toward the grandmother were attitude, cohabitation with her, gender, frequency of contact with the grandmother, and religion, which explained about 21% of total variance. Attitudes toward the elderly and aging traits were very important variables for Korean undergraduates' intimacy with their grandmother. The American undergraduates' intimacy was affected by the variables of attitude, frequency of contact with the grandmother, year, and the presence of the grandmother, which explained about 19% of the total variance. Attitude toward the elderly and aging traits were the most important variables for American undergraduates' intimacy with their grandmother.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.65-80
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• 1997

Korean-American and American adolescents' attitudes toward the elderly(OP Scale) and their perception on the generational difference(GN GAP) were compared to find whether there is a difference according to the race. Adolescents' perceived generational gap was considered to be one of the most influential factor affecting their attitudinal differences. Adolescents regardless of face showed a somewhat positive attitudes toward the elderly and they perceived generational gap a little positively. Adolescents' age and sex were found not to be related with their attitude toward the elderly and generational gap. For the Korean-Americans birth-order was negatively related to the generational gap perception. the quality of relationship with grandparents was the crucial factor influencing adolescents' perceptions on generational gap and their attitudes toward the elderly indirectly. Grandparents' health and age affected on the quality of relationship. Additionally adolescents' favorite g andparent was found to be maternal grandmother and their relation style and conflict areas were different according to the race.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.71-87
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate how a sense of community, community provisions, and acculturation attitudes towards Korean and American cultures are related to Korean immigrant parents' parental satisfaction. 477 surveys, consisting of 291 females and 186 males, were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results showed that a sense of community directly influenced acculturation attitudes toward American culture and parental satisfaction. Acculturation attitudes toward American culture also directly influenced parental satisfaction. A sense of community had significant indirect effects on parental satisfaction. These results imply that a sense of community within a larger community plays an important role in Korean immigrant parents' acquisition of identities as members of a new country. Building a sense of community is also important for them to experience less acculturation stress and become more satisfied with their parenting while adjusting to a new culture. Implications for practice and research are discussed.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to examine differences in body image and attitudes and behaviors regarding cosmetic surgery between Korean and Americans. Forty females in the U.S and 40 in Korea participated in the study by being interviewed. As a result, while Koreans had positive attitudes toward cosmetic surgery, Americans had negative attitudes. Higher incidences of cosmetic surgery were found among Koreans than among Americans. Koreans with lower body image tended to have ore tolerance toward cometic surgery. These results suggest that cosmetic surgery might be one of many ways to improve their self-esteem, Korean women with lower body image showed higher attitudes or behaviors toward cosmetic surgery than Americans.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.439-448
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of knowledge level on the perceptions and attitudes toward BSE(Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy) and American beef. A survey was conducted with university students in a metropolitan area. Out of 590 questionnaires distributed, 481 were analyzed(81.5% response rate). The data was analyzed using SPSS windows(ver. 14.0). In evaluation of the BSE-related knowledge level, the average correct answer rate was 42.6%(the lowest 21.0% ~ the highest 64.9%). There were significant differences in perception and attitude based on the BSE-related knowledge level. In three groups of knowledge levels(top, middle, bottom), the bottom level group tended to be more concerned regarding the origin of beef than the top and middle level groups. Moreover, as the level of knowledge increased, people tended to consider American beef safe. In their attitude toward the government's move to re-import American beef, the top level group tended to think positively. On the other hand, the top level group had negative attitudes toward the media coverage of American beef. As the level of knowledge decreased, the rate of menu selectivity was higher. This research suggests that people need to be educated in BSE-related knowledge. Through the education of BSE-related knowledge, people will gain a more correct understanding and attitude towards American beef, which will help livestock and food service industries grow.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.51 no.8
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• pp.93-110
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• 2001

The present study attempted to compare the behavioral patterns and attitudes of American and Korean female students toward apparel ads in magazines in relation to their physical self-concept. The study used a self-administered questionnaire. The sample consisted of 730 female students majoring in the fields related to clothing and textiles : 310 American students at six colleges and universities located in the west, northeast and southwest parts of the U.S., and 412 Korean students at four Seoul-based universities. Likert scales were used for most measures with 1=never or very unimportant and 5 =always or very important. Physical self-concept was measured on the basis of W. S. Jung's Standardized Self-concept Test and Tennessee Self-concept Scale. Surreys were back translated for validity. Percentage, t-test, Contingency Tables and Chi-square were used for the analysis of the data. Results are as follows : (1) Korean students read more magazines than U.S. students, however, Vogue was the most popular for both groups. (2) Those with a high sense of Physical self-concept read more magazines. for both countries. (3) American students'attitudes toward apparel ads in magazines were similar, regardless of whether their sense of physical self-concept was high or low. For Koreans, those with higher sense of physical self-concept showed greater interest in magazine ads, consulted magazines for fashion trends, found ads more useful, and more often expressed satisfaction with the ads, than the lower self-concept group. (4) Korean students cited a lack of information in ads while American students felt body types of models were unrealistic. Both Koreans and Americans in the higher self-concept group expressed a greater level of dissatisfaction with apparel ads in magazines. (5) Advertisers should attempt to again a deeper understanding of the socio-psychological characteristics of their readership as self-concept appears to be related to several magazine readership attitudes and behaviors. Magazines targeting Americans might consider the importance of coordination and merchandising. Apparel ads targeting Korean should consider the importance of company ads.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.19
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• pp.313-338
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• 2010

Attitudes toward target language culture and motivation have been known as important factors in second or foreign language learning. In this study, cadets' attitudes toward the target language community and culture were investigated to find out any relationships with English achievement. Integrative or instrumental motivation in foreign military context was investigated to determine which motivation was more positively related to English proficiency. Cadets' responses were shown highly positive and internally consistent in most cases. Military cadets' attitudes toward American culture were statistically significant and could predict their English achievement. Even though integrative motivation was statistically significant, correlation with English achievement was low. However, instrumental motivation was not significant. This result implies that attitudes toward culture is an important factor in foreign language learning and integrative-instrumental motivation dichotomy might not be enough to explain specific context like cadets' English learning situation at Korea Army Academy at Youngcheon.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.52-70
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• 2014

Gathering polling items about China and Japan from 1937 to 2011, we examine how Americans think about these two powerful East Asian countries. Our study investigates American attitudes from two perspectives. First, we analyze the content of polling items asked in the US about China and Japan to track changes in salient issues over a period of over 60 years. Second, by tracking repeated items, we show how American attitudes toward China and Japan have changed over time, both in long-term general favorability, and shorter-term perception of geopolitical, ideological, and economic threat in response to historical events.