• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.412-418
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• 1988

분질 고구마인 원기와 점질 고구마인 천미로부터 전분을 분리하여 입자의 형태, 이화학적 성질, 호화양상을 조사 하였다. 전분입자는 모두 둥근형이고 입자의 크기는 원기 전분은 $11{\mu}m$ 천미 친분은 $12{\mu}m$ 및 $17{\mu}m$의 입자가 주를 이루었다. 원기 전분은 천미 전분에 비하여 물결합 능력과 팽화력이 낮았으나 아밀로오스함량, 호화온도, 호화에 필요한 수분량 및 호화에 필요한 최저 온도등이 더 높았다.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2008

We studied the feasibility of monitoring and controlling the manufacturing process of an infant formula with rice starch by testing in-process samples using rheology. We used DSC to first determine the gelatinization temperature of the rice starch, a key ingredient of this product. With this characteristic temperature and the process design known, rheological measurements were conducted on the in-process samples for detecting the presence and extent of gelatinization and retrogradation of rice starch; in-process samples were collected from the carbohydrate tank, after the homogenizer, and the finished product tank. The correlation between the rheological measurements on these samples and manufacturing performance proved that rheology is a very sensitive tool for monitoring the structural development of this infant formula during main process, and their influence on sterilization efficiency. We observed that the lower degree of gelatinization during main process, a shorter residence time in the finished product tank, and using caustic flush rather than clean-in-place additively lead to higher sterilization efficiency. These findings can be utilized for a rational design and analysis of the manufacturing process for infant formulas containing rice starch.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.637-645
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• 1991

Physicochemical factors affecting cooking and eating quality of rice and their mechanisms were investigated. The stickiness of cooked rice was negatively correlated with amylose content(r=0.58, p<0.05) and protein content(r=-0.72, p<0.01), but not affected by crude fat content of rice. The ultrastructure of cooked rice grain showed the progressive gelatinization of starch from the periphery toward the center of the endosperm as water and heat energy diffused into. The rate of water diffusion appears to be dependent on the cell arrangement in the endosperm and the protein content of milled rice. Once water and heat reach the starch granules, the rate of in situ gelatinization of starches appears to be dependent on their own gelatinization temperature range and amylose content. Protein acts as a barrier for the swelling of starch and water diffusion in two ways : 1) by encasing starch granules in the starchy endosperm, and 2) by forming a barrier between the subaleurone layer and the starchy endosperm. Therefore, the separation and fragmentation of the outermost layers of the endosperm occurred more easily in the low-protein content rices, and was associated with increases of solids lost in cooking-water at 95$^{\circ}C$ and stickiness of cooked rice.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.646-652
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• 1991

품종을 달리한 쌀 전분에서 호화온도에 영향을 주는 인자들을 조사하였다. 품종에 따라 호화온도, 아밀로오스 함량, 전분입자의 크기 분포도 및 결정화도는 모두 유의적인 차이를 보여주었다(${\alpha}=0.01$). 전분의 호화온도는 전분입자의 결정화도와 높은 양의 상관관계를 보여주었다(r=0.67, p<0.01). 그러나 전분입자의 크기분포와 아밀로오스 함량은 쌀 전분의 호화온도에 전혀 영향을 주지 못했으며, 이는 상관관계 계수와 주사 전자현미경에 의한 관찰에 의해 확인되었다. 또한 쌀 전분입자의 성상 및 크기와 아밀로오스 함량과는 아무런 관계가 없음이 주사 현미경 관찰에 의해 확인되었다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.514-521
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• 2000

This study was induced to compare retrogradation and gelatinization in sulgie with added powder and flower of gamkug, which had been stored in 4$^{\circ}C$, 1$0^{\circ}C$ and 3$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. The addition of 5% powdered gamkug showed the highest degree of gelatinization while the control did the lowest. The degree of hardness of gamkugsulgie was lower than control and the following order 4$^{\circ}C$>1$0^{\circ}C$>3$0^{\circ}C$. Gamkugsulgie showed a little lower degree of retrogradation than control group. The degree of retrogradation at 4$^{\circ}C$ was far greater comparing with the other group. The degree of retrogradation were delayed as the storing temperature rose tran 4$^{\circ}C$ to 3$0^{\circ}C$, temperature namely, gamkugsulgie retrogradation time constant of the test group was slower 1.18 times at 4$^{\circ}C$. 1.24 times at 1$0^{\circ}C$ and 2.58 times at 3$0^{\circ}C$ than that of the control group.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.435-440
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• 1987

감자 및 고구마 전분의 수분-열처리에 따른 호화특성을 비교하였다. 수분-열처리에 의하여 전분의 물결합능력은 증가하였으며 그 정도는 고구마전분이 더 현저하였다. 전분의 blue value는 수분-열처리에 의하여 영향을 받지 않았다. 아밀로그라프의 점도는 수분-열처리에 의하여 크게 감소하였으며, 최고 점도는 나타나지 않았다. 가성소다에 의한 전분의 호화는 감자가 고구마 전분보다 쉬웠으며, 수분-열처리에 의하여 호화에 필요한 알칼리의 농도는 증가하였다. KSCN에 의한 전분겔의 부피는 감자가 고구마전분보다 높았다. 감자 및 고구마 호화전분은 항복응력을 갖는 의가소성 유체의 성질을 보였으며, 수분-열처리에 의하여 점조도지수 및 항복응력이 크게 감소하였다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.215-220
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• 1999

The Physical properties of corn starch were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry during the formation of enzyme-resistant starch(RS). Samples were studied in their native states and after annealing at 50, 55, 60 and 65℃ in excess water(starch : water=1:3) for 48hr. Starch granules became smaller and more rounded after annealing than in their native state. Annealing did not change the X-ray profile of native corn starch. After autoclaving-cooling cycles, native starch lost most of its crystallinity but annealed ones showed some of their crystallinity left as diffuse or poor B-type, which didn't relate to increasing Rs yields. During formation of RS, however, both native and annealed starches changed their X-ray profile from A-type to poor B-type of retrograded amylose. Annealing caused an increase in gelatinization temperature and enthalpy, but a narrowing of gelatinization temperature range. Only starch annealed at 65℃, however, showed a decrease in enthalpy even though its gelatinization temperature increased, which appeared to be due to the partial gelatinization in the amorphous region during annealing. Peak height index(PHI), the ratio of ΔH to Ti-To, increased by annealing. PHI values, therefore, showed the possibility as an indicator to predict RS yield which cannot be differentiated by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction data.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.162-165
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• 1996

단백질과 지방이 풍부한 우수 단백질원인 대두를 볶아서 절편에 첨가(0, 5, 10, 15, 20%)하여 제조한 콩절편의 소화율, 호화도를 조사하고 백절편과 콩절편 (기호도 측면에서 가장 우수한 콩가루 5％ 첨가군)에 대하여 노화 속도를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1.콩가루의 양을 달리 첨가(0, 5, 10, 15, 20%)하여 제조한 콩절편의 환원력은 각각 54.8% , 58.3%, 62.3%, 66.7%, 72.1%로서 콩가루 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 전분의 in vitro 소화율이 향상되었다. 2. 호화도는 백절편이 87.2%, 5% 콩가루 첨가군이 88.4%, 15% 콩가루 첨가군이 88.8%, 20% 콩가루 첨가군이 89%로 나타남으로써 호화도가 미세한 정도로 향상되었다. 3. 노화속도는 저장중 경도 변화로부터 분석하였으며 대조구와 5% 콩가루 첨가군에서 노화속도 상수는 0.528 day이었고, 이때 시간 상수는(1/k)는 1.89일이었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.273-278
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• 1984

쌀전분 수용액계의 호화중 리올로지적 성질의 변화를 온도 $50{\sim}85^{\circ}C$, 농도 $3{\sim}5%$에서 관형 리오메타를 사용하여 조사하였다. 점조도지수값은 특정온도에서 시간에 따라 지수적으로 증가하였으며 농도에 대해서는 직선적으로 증가하였다. 온도 $65{\sim}85^{\circ}C$에서 5% 쌀전분의 호화속도는 아레니우스 방정식에 따랐으며 호화의 활성화 에너지값은 약 $25kcal/g{\cdot}mole$ 이었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.345-353
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• 2022

This study compared the physicochemical and gelatinization properties of naked barley, tetrastichum barley, and waxy barley. Compared to tetrastichum barley and waxy barley, naked barley had shorter and rounder grains with a 1.43 length/width ratio. Tetrastichum barley had lower crude protein, crude lipid, and crude ash content and higher amylose content compared to naked barley and waxy barley. The L, a, b color values of waxy barley were significantly higher than those of naked barley and tetrastichum barley. The water absorption index (WAI) and the water soluble index (WSI) were highest in waxy barley. The X-ray diffraction pattern was type A in all samples, and the peak intensity was highest in waxy barley. The maximum viscosity, cooling viscosity, breakdown, and setback of amylogram properties were the highest in tetrastichum barley. The thermal properties through the differential scanning calorimeter showed that the waxy barley had higher values of the onset, peak, conclusion temperature and enthalpy (?H). In conclusion, the variety of barley influenced the physicochemical and gelatinization properties, which could be important factors in the manufacture of processed foods. These results would thus useful inputs for the manufacturing of these foods using barley.