Degradation of Amaranth by Microorganisms

미생물(微生物)에 의한 Amaranth의 분해(分解)

Fundamental study was carried out to elucidate the mechanisms of biological degradation of dyestuff in environments. A few bacterial strains which were capable of degrading amarnath were obtained from soil through an extensive screening program and identified by microbiolological properties. Conditions for bacterial growth and amaranth degradation were characterized and optimized, and the degradation products were identified. The results were as follows. 1. The most active strain A12-1 to be capable of degradation of amaranth was identified as Pseudomonas sp. 2. Optimal conditions for growth of the strain A12-1 were:$35^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.5, and growth was markedly increaesd by aeration. 3. Degradation of amaranth by the strain was accessed under similiar conditions for growth, however significantly inhibited when the culture was aerated. 4. Both bacterial growth and amaranth degradation were gradually decreased with increased concentration of amaranth in the culture. 5. Reaction of the crude enzyme from the strain A12-1 was optimal at $35^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.5 for degrading amaranth. 6. Sodium naphthionate and R-amino salt were found to be the products of amaranth degradation by the strain A12-1.

색소로 인한 수질오염의 방지책에 대한 기초자료를 얻고자 대전근교의 토양을 분리원으로 하여 amaranth를 분해하는 미생물을 분리하고 그의 균학적 성질을 검토하여 동정하였다. 또한 색소 분해에 대한 몇가지 주요한 요인등을 검토하고 분해산물을 TLC로 검정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Amaranth의 분해능이 가장 강한 A12-은 Pseudomonas속으로 동정되었다. 2. A12-1 균주의 생육최적온도는 $35^{\circ}C$, pH 7.5이었으며 통기배양에서 더욱 생육이 촉진되었다. 3. Amaranth를 분해하는 최적조건은 생육최적조건과 비슷하였으나 통기는 생육을 촉진하는데 비해 색소분해는 저해하였다. 4. Amaranth 농도가 높을수록 균의 생육 및 색소분해는 저하되었다. 5. A12-1 균주의 배양으로 얻은 조효소의 amaranth에 대한 최적반응조건은 온도 $35^{\circ}C$, pH 7.5이었다. 6. Amaranth의 분해산해물은 TLC로 검토해본 결과 sodium naphthionate와 R -amino salt로 추정되었다.