Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
권호 표지

Dynamics of Cyanobacterial Toxins in the Downstream River of Lake Suwa

Suwa호 하류하천에서의 남조류 독소의 동태

  • Kim, Bom-Chul (Department of Environmental Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Park, Ho-Dong (Department of Environmental Science, Shinshu University) ;
  • Katagami, Yukimi (Department of Environmental Science, Shinshu University) ;
  • Hwang, Soon-Jin (Departmant of Biological Systems Engineering, Konkuk University) ;
  • Kim, Ho-Sub (Departmant of Biological Systems Engineering, Konkuk University)
  • 김범철 (강원대학교 환경과학과) ;
  • 박호동 (日本　信州大學　物質循環學科) ;
  • ;
  • 황순진 (건국대학교 지역생태시스템공학과) ;
  • 김호섭 (건국대학교 지역생태시스템공학과)
  • Published : 2001.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Transport of cyanobacterial toxins (microcystin-LR, -RR, -YR) were assessed from a eutrophic lake, Lake Suwa, through the outflowing river, the Tenryu River, and its irrigation channel branch. Temporal variation of phytoplankton species composition in the river coincided with those of the lake; Microcystis ichthyoblabe dominated from June to July, and M. viridis dominated from August to September. When cyanobacterial bloom occurred, microcystins were continuously detected at the concentration of $0.3{\sim}3.2\;{\mu}g/l$ even at 32 km downstream. The change of the content of three microcystin variants were related both with the total cell density of Microcystis and with the change of Microcystis species composition. When Microcystis ichthyoblabe dominated during July, only microcystin-RR (MC-RR) and -LR (MC-LR) were detected, while when Microcystis viridis dominated between August and October, microcystin-RR,-YR (MC -YR) and -LR were detected. Along 29 km flowing distance (flow time 11 hours) between site 2 and site 5 in the Tenryu River, cyanobacterial density and microcystin concentration were reduced by 73% and 72%, respectively, which is mostly contributed by the dilution effect of tributary waters (61% and 57%, respectively) . In the artificial irrigation channel microcystins and cyanobacterial cells were decreased less than in the natural river. The results indicate that cyanobacterial toxins can be transported far downstream without much removal and give hazards to water usage in downstream of eutrophic lakes with cyanobacterial blooms.

남조류 물꽃현상이 나타나는 일본의 Suwa호에서 방류수를 통해 하류하천 (Tenryu강과 Nishitenryu 수로)으로 유출된 남조류세포와 남조류 독소 (microcystin-LR,-RR, YR)의 유하과정에서의 변동을 1998년 5월부터 10 월까지 조사하였다. 하천 내 모든 지점에서 식물플랑크톤 종조성은 상류의 호수와 일치하였다. 6월과 7월에 우점한 남조류는 M. ichthyoblabe였고, 8월부터 증가한 M. viridis는 10월까지 우점종이었다. Microcystin은 남조류의 현존량이 증가한 7월부터 검출되기 시작하여 남조류 세포밀도의 계절변동에 따라 농도가 변동하였으며, 3종류 microcystin의 조성변화는 남조류 종조성과 관련이 있었다. Microcystis. ichthyoblabe가 우점한 7월에는 MC-RR과 -LR만이 검출된 반면, M. viridis가 우점한 8월 부터 10월까지는 3종류의 microcystin이 모두 검출 되었다. Microcystin은 호수로부터 32 km 떨어진 하류지점에서도 3.2${\sim}$0.3 ${\mu}$g/l의 농도로 검출되었다. Tenryu강 지점 2와 지점 5사이의 29 km 구간 (유하시간 11시간)에서 세포밀도와 microcystin 농도의 감소율은 각각 73%, 72%이었고, 희석에 의한 세포밀도와 microcystin 농도의 감소율이 각각 61%와 57%로서 감소요인의 대부분을 차지하였다. 인공수로에서는 자연하천보다 남조류 세포와 독소의 제거율이 더 낮았다. 이러한 결과들은 남조류가 번성한 부영양호의 하류하천에서는 먼 거리까지 남조류의 독소가 전달되어 공중보건에 위해성을 줄 수 있음을 보여 주고 있다.

Keywords

References

  1. 한국수질보전학회지 v.11 국내 호수에의 남조류 독소발생 김범철;김은경;표동진;박호동;허우명
  2. 한국육수학회지 v.32 국내 호수에서 발생한 남조류의 microcystin 함량과 독성평가 김범철;김호섭;박호동;최광순;박종근
  3. 日本 生物生態學會報 v.2 汚染水域における溶藻性微生物の季節變動 山本鎔子;林秀剛;管野德彦
  4. waters. Wat. Res. v.26 Indigenous bacterial inocula for measuring the biodegradable dissolved organic carbon(BDOC) Block, J.C.;L. Mathieu;P. Servias;D. Fontveille;P. Werner
  5. Biochemistry of the algae and cyanobacteria Cyanobacterial toxins Codd, G.A.;G.K. Poon;L.J. Rogers(ed.);J.R. Gallon(ed.)
  6. Toxicon. v.36 The toxicology of microcystins Dawson, R.M.
  7. Limnol. Oceanogr. v.36 Effects of toxic cyanobacteria and purified toxins on the survival and feeding of copepod and three species of Daphnia Demott, W.R.
  8. Hydrobiol. v.119 Impact of the Tihange nuclear power plant on the periphyton and the phytoplankton of the Meuse river(Belgium) Descy, J.P.;C. Mouvet
  9. Hydrobiol. v.183 Accumulation of a petide toxin from the cyanobacterium Oscillatoria agardhii in the freshwater mussel Andonta cygnea Eriksson, J.E.;J.A.O. Meriluoto;T. Lindholm
  10. J. Chromatogr. v.448 Chamical analysis of toxic peptides produced by cyanobacteria Harada, K-I.;K. Matsuura;M. Suzuki;H. Oka;M.F. Watanade;S. Osishi;A.M. Dahlem;V.R. Beasley;W.W. Carmichael
  11. J. Plankton Res. v.17 Natural occurrence of phycoerythrocyanin-like pigment in cyanobacterial blooming samples dominated by Microcystis in Lake Kasumigaura Hashimoto, S.;A. Otsuki
  12. Wat. Res. v.28 Release and degradation of microcystin following algicide treatment of a Microcystis aeruginosa blooms in a recreational lake, as determined by HPLC and protein phosphatase inhibition assay Jones, G.J.;P.T. Orr
  13. J. applied phycol. v.2 Microcystin composition of an axenic clonal strain Microcystis viridis and Microcystics viridis-containing waterblooms in japanese freshwaters Kaya, K.;M.M. Watanabe
  14. Arch. Hydrobiol. Algological studies v.64 no.SUP.92 A review of water-bloom forming Microcystis species, with regard to populations from Japan Komarek, J.
  15. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. v.53 Microcystin-LR concentration in aquatic food web compartments from lakes of varying trophic status Kotak, B.G.;R.W. zurawell;E.E. Prepas;C.F.B. Holmes
  16. 文部省「環境科學」特別硏究. L. Suwa 集水域生態系硏究報告 v.7 Bitic communities of river Tenryu and channel river Nishitenryu for the past twenty year Kurasawa, H.;M. Yamamoto;T. Sugimoto;K. Aoyama;Y. Isobe
  17. Wat. Res. v.23 Toxic cyanobacteria and water quality problems-examples from a eutrophic lake on aland, south west Finland Lindholm, T.;J.E. Eriksson;J.A. Meriluoto
  18. Ecol. v.49 Microseston dynamics in a simple Sierra Nevada lake streem system Maciolek, J.A.;M.G. Tunzi
  19. Freshwat. Biol. v.2 The use of acetone and methanol in the estimation of chlorophyll in the presence of phaeophytin Marker, A.F.H.
  20. Arch. Hydrobiol. Beih. v.14 The measurement of photosynthetic pigments in freshwaters and standardization of methods: Conclusions and recommendations Marker, A.F.H.;E.A. Nusch;I. Rai;B. Riemann
  21. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. v.82 Structure-function relationships of microcystins, liver tumor promoters, in thteraction with proein phosphatase Nishiwaki-Matsushima, R.;S. Nishiwaki;T. Ohta;S. Yoshizawa;M. Suganuma;K.-I. Harada;M.F. Watanabe;H. Fujiki
  22. Harmful and toxic algal blooms Seasonal changes of Toxic Microcystis and Microcystin in Lake Suwa, Japan Park, H.D.;C. Iwami;M.F. Watanabe;K.-I. Harada;T. Okino;H. Hayashi;Yasumoto, T.(ed.);Y. Oshima(ed.);Y. Fukuyo(ed.)
  23. Environ. Toxicol. Wat. Qual. v.13 Hepatotoxic microcystins and neurotoxic anatoxin-a in cyanobacterial blooms from Korean Lakes Park, H.D.;B. Kim;E. Kim;T. Okino
  24. Environ. toxicol. Wat. Qual. v.13 Temporal variabilities of the concentration on intra extracellular microcystin and toxic Microcystis species in a hydrotrophic lake, Lake Suwa, Japan Park, H.D.;C. Iwami;M.F. Watanabe;K.-I. Harada;T. Okino;H. Hayashi
  25. Hydrobiol. v.86 Muddy odour: a problem associated with extreme eutrophication Persson, P.E.
  26. The lancet. v.352 Fatal microcystin intoxication in haemodialysis unit in Caruaru, Brazil Pouria, S.;A de Andrade;R.L. Cavalcanti;V.T.S. Barreto;C.J. Ward;W. Preiser;G.K. Poon;G.H. Neild;G.A. Cood
  27. Letters in Appli. Microbiol. v.19 Biodegradability and adsorption on lake sediments of cyanobacterial hepatotoxins and anatoxin-a Rapala, J.;K. Lahti;K. Sivonen;S. I. Niemela
  28. Health effects of toxic cyanobacteria(blue-green algae) Robert, R.;F.S. Soong;J. Fitzgerald;L. Turczynowicz;O. E. Saadi;D. Roder;T. Maynard;I. Falconer
  29. Arch. Hydrobiol. v.132 Relative susceptibilities of rotifers and cladocerans to Microcystis aeruginosa Smith, B.A.D.;J.J. Gilbert
  30. Hydrobiol. v.297 A comparison of phytoplankton communities in the Kentucky River basin, USA Stevenson, R.J.;K.D. White
  31. Ecol. v.57 A model of algal exports in some Iowa streams Swanson, C.D.;R.W. Bachmann
  32. Ecol. v.68 A large-scale comparison of factors influencing phytoplankton aboundance in rivers, lakes, and impoundments (reservoir) Sφballe, D.M.;B.L. Kimmel
  33. Toxi. v.32 A clean-up method for analysis of Trace amounts of microystins in lake water Tsuji, K.;S. Naito;F. Kondo;M.F. Watanabe;S. Suzuki;H. Nakazaki;T. Shimada;K.-I. Harada
  34. Carcinog. v.17 Detection of microcystins, a blue-green algal hepatotoxin, in drinking water sampled in Haimen and Fusui, endemic areas of primary liver cancer in China, by highly sensitive immunoassay Ueno, Y.;S. Nagata;T. Tsutsumi;A. Hasegawa;M. F. Watanabe;H.-D. Park;G.-C. Chen;G. Chen;S.-Z. Yu
  35. Fresh. wat. Biol. v.36 Artificial mixing prevents nuisance blooms of the cyanobacterium Microcystis in lake Nieuwe Meer, the Netherlands Visser, P.M.;B.W. Ibelings;B.V.D. Veer;J. Koedoods;A.L.R. Mur
  36. J. Phycol. v.22 Strong probability of lethal toxicity in the bluegreen alga Microcystics viridis lemmermann Watanabe, M.F.;S. Oishi;Y. Watanabe;M. Watanabe
  37. J. Applied Phycol. v.1 Heptapeptide toxin production during the batch culture of two Microcystics species (cyanobacteria) Watanabe, M.F.;K.-I. Harada;K. Matsuura;M. Watanabe;M. suzuki
  38. Bot. Mag. Tokyo. v.104 Composition of cyclic peptide toxines among strains of Microcystics aeruginosa (blue-green algae, cyanobacteria) Watanabe, M.F.;M. Watanabe;T. Kato;K.-I. Harada;M. Suzuki
  39. J. Phycol. v.28 Fate of the toxic cyclic heptapeptides, the microcystins, from blooms of Microcystics (cyanobacteria) in a hypertrophic lake Watanabe, M.F.;K. Kaya;N. Takamura
  40. Jpn. J. Limnol. v.54 Toxic water bloom of blue-green algae: Biological and chemical charactereistics Watanabe, M.F.;K.-I. Harada
  41. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. v.25 Compositions Microcystis species and Hepatapetide toxins Watanabe, M.F.;H.-D. Park;M. Watanabe
  42. J. Phycol. v.26 Distribution and algallysing activity of fruiting myxobacteria in lake Suwa Yamamoto, Y.;K. Syzuki
  43. Jpn. J. Phycol. v.41 Occurrence of heterotrophic bacteria causing lysis of cyanbacteria in a eutrophic lake Yamamoto, Y.;S. Niizuma;N. Kuroda;M. Sakamoto