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Antioxidative and Antimicrobial Activities of Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. Leaf Extracts

비파 잎 추출물의 항산화 및 항균활성

  • Lee, Kyoung-In (Dept. of Oriental Medicine Materials, Dongshin University) ;
  • Kim, Sun-Min (Dept. of Oriental Medicine Materials, Dongshin University)
  • 이경인 (동신대학교 한약재산업학과) ;
  • 김선민 (동신대학교 한약재산업학과)
  • Published : 2009.03.31

Abstract

Antioxidative, antimicrobial activities and Raw 264.7 cell viability as cytotoxicity of various solvent extracts from leaf of Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. dried by different methods were investigated for processing as functional ingredient. In DPPH radical scavenging activity, RLE (80% EtOH extract of raw leaf) and FLE (80% EtOH extract of freeze-dried leaf) exhibited strong scavenging effect on $300{\mu}M$ DPPH radical solution (1.71 mg/mL and 2.11 mg/mL for RLE $SC_{50}$ and FLE $SC_{50}$). Also in nitric oxide scavenging activity, RLE and FLE showed strong activities (83.9% and 82.2% in 5 mg/mL sample concentration). Total phenolic compound contents of each extracts were found to be $73.7{\sim}215.4$ mg/g and RLE was showed the highest phenolic compound content. Also, total flavonoid contents were found to be $24.85{\sim}110.3$ mg/g and RLE was showed the highest flavonoid content. In antimicrobial activity, RLE was showed higher growth inhibition effect against all microbial strains. RLE, RLW (hot water extract of raw leaf), and FLW (hot water extract of freeze-dried leaf) exhibited strong antimicrobial activities against MRSA and S. aureus. In measurement of cytotoxicity by MTT assay, Raw 264.7 cell viabilities of 80% EtOH extracts showed better effect than water extracts. Especially viability of RLE was found be over 100% in every tested sample concentration.

전처리와 추출용매에 따른 비파 잎의 항산화활성 비교에서, 열수 추출물보다 80% ethanol 추출물에서 상대적으로 높은 활성을 보였다. 특히, RLE에서 DPPH radical 소거능은 $SC_{50}$이 1.71 mg/mL로 가장 강한 효과를 보였으며, nitric oxide 소거능에서도 높은 활성을 보였다. 이는 total phenolic compound와 total flavonoid 함량 측정에서 각각 215.4mg/g, 110.3 mg/g으로 가장 높은 함량을 보인 결과와 상당한 관계성이 있는 것으로 판단된다. 건조 조건별로는 건조를 실시하지 않은 RL이 가장 높은 항산화 활성을 나타내었으며, FL과 DL 순으로 나타났다. 다만 열수 추출물 가운데에서 FLW가 DPPH radical 소거능 측정 결과 다른 열수 추출물(RLW, DLW)보다 높은 소거능을 보였다. 또한 가열건조와 동결건조 한 시료를 비교하면 FL이 DL보다 상대적으로 더 높은 항산화 활성을 보였다. 이는 비파 잎을 기능성 소재로서 이용할 경우 생잎을 바로 이용하는 것이 가장 높은 활성을 기대할 수 있지만 불가피하게 건조를 해야 할 경우 가열건조보다는 동결건조를 선택하는 것이 생리활성물질의 보존에 도움을 줄 수 있음을 시사한다. 한편 FL의 추출수율을 함께 고려할 경우 항산화 활성은 RL보다 다소 낮지만 추출수율은 RL에 비해 약 2배 정도 높으므로 동결건조가 유리할 수도 있음을 보여주는 결과이기도 하다. 이와 함께 항균활성 실험에서는 RLE가 거의 모든 균주에 대해서 가강 강한 생육저해 활성을 보였다. 다만 건조를 실시한 시료의 경우 MRSA와 S. aureus 균주에 대해서 FL이나 DL 모두 열수 추출물이 상대적으로 높은 항균효과를 가지는 것으로 관찰되었다. 이와 함께 비파 잎 추출물이 항생제에 내성을 가진 MRSA에 대해서 강한 항균효과를 나타낸 것은 비파잎을 활용한 천연 항균물질 개발 가능성을 밝게 하는 결과라고 판단된다. 각 추출물의 세포독성의 정도를 알아보기 위해 MTT assay 이용한 Raw 264.7의 세포생존율을 측정한 결과, RLE가 가장 양호한 세포보호 효과를 보였으며, 80% ethanol 추출물의 세포독성이 열수 추출물보다 낮아 세포보호효과가 높은 것으로 측정되었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 비파 잎을 항산화 및 항균성 소재로 활용하고자 할 경우 RLE가 가장 유용한 방법이 될 수 있다. 다만 건조의 과정을 필수적으로 거쳐야하는 경우에는 가열건조보다는 동결건조를 이용하는 것이 생리활성 측면에서 바람직한 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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