Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
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Characteristics of Fish Community in the Seomjin River and Brackish Area

기수역이 존재하는 섬진강의 어류군집 특성

  • Baek, Seung-Ho (Department of Biology Education, Kongju National University) ;
  • Yoon, Ju-Duk (Biology Resource Center, Kongju National University) ;
  • Kim, Jeong-Hui (Department of Biology Education, Kongju National University) ;
  • Lee, Hae-Jin (Nakdong River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environment Research) ;
  • Choi, Kee-Ryong (School of Biological Science, University of Ulsan) ;
  • Jang, Min-Ho (Department of Biology Education, Kongju National University)
  • 백승호 (공주대학교 생물교육과) ;
  • 윤주덕 (공주대학교 생물자원센터) ;
  • 김정희 (공주대학교 생물교육과) ;
  • 이혜진 (국립환경과학원 낙동강물환경연구소) ;
  • 최기룡 (울산대학교 생명과학부) ;
  • 장민호 (공주대학교 생물교육과)
  • Received : 2013.10.30
  • Accepted : 2013.11.21
  • Published : 2013.12.31
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Abstract

In this study, to identify ichthyofauna of the Seomjin River, which has no barrage at estuary, and to estimate effect of estuary barrage, fish sampling was conducted at 16 study sites in mainstream of the Seomjin River from 2010 to 2012. A total of 54 species classified into 17 families were collected. Cyprinidae was the dominant family and Zacco platypus (relative abundance, RA: 47.8%) was identified as the dominant species. In total, 17 Korean endemic species (31.5%) were collected, and it is higher than the average endemic rate of Korean peninsula (22.5~25.9%). Although the relative abundance of exotic species (1.1%) was low, it is higher than the past studies (2002: 0.0%, 2009: 0.4%). Dominance index of freshwater region (St.4~St.16) was relatively higher than estuary (St.1~St.3), because Z. platypus showed high relative abundance at freshwater region. But diversity and evenness index showed contradictory results, as estuary was higher than freshwater region. The ratios of sea fish, peripheral freshwater fish and economic fish, and diversity index are higher than the Nakdong River, the Yeongsan River and the Geum River. In conclusion, to conserve the value of the Seomjin River ichthyofauna, continuous monitoring is necessary.

본 연구는 하구둑이 설치되지 않은 섬진강의 어류군집 특성을 파악하고자 섬진강 본류 구간을 16지점으로 구분하여 2010년부터 2012년까지 현장조사를 실시하였다. 총 17과 54종의 어류가 채집되었고 잉어과에 속하는 어류가 우점적으로 분포하였으며 피라미(Zacco platypus; Relative abundance, RA: 47.8%)가 우점종으로 나타났다. 총 17종의 한국고유종(31.5%)이 채집되었으며 이는 한반도 담수어의 고유화 빈도인 22.5~25.9%와 비교하여 높게 나타났다. 외래종의 상대풍부도(1.1%)는 낮게 나타났으나 문헌연구를 통한 비교시 상대적으로 높게 나타났다 (2002, 0.0%; 2009, 0.4%). 군집 분석 결과 해수의 영향을 받는 하류의 세 지점(St.1~St.3)은 다양도 및 균등도가 높게 나타났고, 반면 순수 담수역에 위치한 St.4~St.16에서는 피라미가 우점적으로 출현하여 전반적으로 우점도가 높게 나타났다. 섬진강에서 해수어, 주연어, 경제성 어종 및 다양도 지수가 낙동강, 영산강, 금강과 비교하여 높게 나타났으며, 이러한 섬진강의 풍부한 어족자원과 안정된 어류 군집을 유지하기 위해 보존될 가치가 있으며, 이를 위한 지속적인 모니터링이 필요하다.

Keywords

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