Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Effects of Freeze-Dried Garlic Powder on Lipid Improvement in Rats Fed a High Fat-Cholesterol Diet

고지방-콜레스테롤 식이 급이 흰쥐에 대한 동결건조 마늘분말의 지질개선 효과

  • Received : 2017.06.13
  • Accepted : 2017.08.21
  • Published : 2017.09.30
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Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of freeze-dried garlic powder (FDGP) on the lipid metabolism in rats fed a high fat-cholesterol (HFC) diet for 4 weeks to induce hyperlipidemia. The rats were divided into the following four experimental groups: normal diet group (NC), HFC diet group (HFC), HFC+FDGP 5 mg/100 g body weight (BW) group (FGT-1), and HFC+FDGP 15 mg/100 g BW group (FGT-2). Body weight gains and food efficiency ratios were significantly lower in the FGT groups compared to the HFC group, and the food intake was not significantly different in all experimental groups. Serum total lipid, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the FGT groups compared to the HFC group. Total lipid content of the FGT-2 group was reduced by about 9% and 12% compared to the FGT-1 group and HFC group, respectively. The FGT groups also showed about 10% reductions low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, atherogenic index (AI), and cardiac risk factor (CRF) compared to the HFC group. Liver function index (alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase) and lipid components were significantly lower in the FGT groups compared to the HFC group. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances content of serum and liver tissue was reduced in the FGT groups compared to the HFC group, and was lower in the FGT-2 group compared to the FGT-1 group in serum. Antioxidant activities in serum and liver tissue were in the order of FGT-2> FGT-1> HFC group, significantly. In conclusion, FDGP effectively reduced the lipid components of serum and liver tissue. Feeding FDGP did not increase high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, but reduced LDL-cholesterol content, AI and CRF, especially. This shows that FDGP, will be effective in preventing and improving cardiovascular diseases such as arteriosclerosis and hyperlipidemia.

고지방-콜레스테롤 식이를 급이시켜 고지혈증을 유도한 흰쥐에 4주 동안 매일 동결건조 마늘분말 5 mg/100 g BW(FGT-1)와 15 mg/100 g BW(FGT-2)를 보충 투여시켜 동결건조 마늘분말이 체내 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 하였다. FGT-1군과 FGT-2군의 최종체중, 체중증가량 및 식이효율은 고지방-콜레스테롤 급이군(HFC군)보다 유의적으로 낮았으며, 식이 섭취량은 모든 실험군에서 유의적인 차이가 없어 동결건조 마늘분말의 급이는 식이 섭취량에는 영향을 주지 않으면서 체중을 감소시켰다. 혈청 중 총 지질, 총 콜레스테롤 및 중성지질 함량은 FGT-1군과 FGT-2군이 대조군보다 유의하게 낮았다. 특히 총 지질 함량은 FGT-2군이 FGT-1군보다도 약 9% 더 낮았고 HFC군 보다는 약 12% 더 낮았다. 혈중 총 콜레스테롤은 고지방-콜레스테롤 식이 급이군에 비해 10% 이상, 중성지질은 37% 이상, LDL-콜레스테롤은 8% 이상 감소 효과가 있었고, 동맥경화지수 및 심혈관계 질환 위험지수 또한 유의적으로 낮았다. 혈중 간 기능 지표(ALP, AST 및 ALT)와 지질성분들은 FGT-1군과 FGT-2군이 HFC군보다 유의적으로 낮았다. 혈액의 TBARS 함량은 FGT-1군과 FGT-2군이 HFC군에 비해 각각 13.9%와 29.9% 더 낮았으며, 항산화 활성은 각각 약 1.4배와 2.2배 더 동결건조 마늘분말 급이군에서 높았다. 상기의 실험 결과들을 종합해보면 동결건조 마늘분말의 급이는 혈액 및 간장 내에서 HDL-콜레스테롤을 증가시키지는 못하지만 LDL-콜레스테롤과 중성지질의 농도를 저하시킴으로써 지질농도를 개선하는 효과를 가짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 동결건조 마늘분말의 급이는 혈액 및 간장 내 지질농도보다는 체내 지질과산화물의 생성을 억제하고, 항산화 활성을 높이는 데 더 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 생체 내에서 지질과산화 억제 및 항산화 효과는 동결건조 마늘분말의 급이에 따른 체내 지질농도 개선효과와 상승작용을 통해 동맥경화, 고지혈증 등과 같은 심혈관계 질환의 예방 및 개선에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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