Journal of Wetlands Research (한국습지학회지)

Korean Wetlands Society (한국습지학회)
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Effect of Paddy BMPs on Water Quality and Policy Consideration in Saemangeum Watershed

새만금 유역에서 논 최적관리기법의 수질개선 효과와 정책고려사항

  • Kim, Jonggun (Department of Regional Infrastructure Eng., Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Suin (Watershed and Total Load Management Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Shin, Jae-young (Department of Regional Infrastructure Eng., Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lim, Jung-ha (Water Environment Analysis Center, Environment-friendly Agricultural Research Center) ;
  • Na, Young-kwang (Department of Regional Infrastructure Eng., Kangwon National University) ;
  • Joo, Sohee (Department of Regional Infrastructure Eng., Kangwon National University) ;
  • Shin, Minhwan (Water Environment Analysis Center, Environment-friendly Agricultural Research Center) ;
  • Choi, Joongdae (Department of Regional Infrastructure Eng., Kangwon National University)
  • 김종건 (강원대학교 지역건설공학과) ;
  • 이수인 (국립환경과학원 유역총량연구과) ;
  • 신재영 (강원대학교 지역건설공학과) ;
  • 임정하 ((주)수질환경분석센터) ;
  • 나영광 (강원대학교 지역건설공학과) ;
  • 주소희 (강원대학교 지역건설공학과) ;
  • 신민환 ((주)수질환경분석센터) ;
  • 최중대 (강원대학교 지역건설공학과)
  • Received : 2018.08.07
  • Accepted : 2018.09.19
  • Published : 2018.11.30
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Abstract

Agricultural land reclamation in Saemangeum tidal land project is mostly planned to be completed by 2020. Irrigation water for the land is required to be prepared by that time. However, water quality for the irrigation sources is barely meet the target concentration. This paper described the reduction effect of and policy consideration for best management practices (BMPs) which were fertilizer prescription by soil test (SO#1), mixed application of SO#1 and 3 (SO#2), drainage gate control (SO#3), time-release fertilizer application (SO#4), and control (CT). Reduction of paddy runoff was relatively higher in SO#3 (25%) and SO#1 (27%) while lower in SO#4 (9%) and SO#2 (7%) than that in CT. In addition, farmers promised to follow the BMP guidelines but they didn't because of the several problems caused for the BMPs implementation. Thus, it recommended developing an automated control of irrigation gate and paddy water depth and supporing farmers for NPS pollution control and irrigation water reduction.

새만금 간척지의 농지 간척 사업은 대부분 2020 년까지 완공 될 예정이며, 그 시기 토지의 관개용수 활용에 대한 대비가 필요한 실정이다. 그러나 관개수의 수질은 드물게 목표 농도를 충족하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 논에서의 최적관리기법(BMPs)인 토양검정시비(SO#1), SO#1과 SO#3의 복합처리(SO#2), 배수물꼬(SO#3), 완효성 비료시비 (SO#4) 방법을 관행재배(CT: Control)와 비교하여 논 비점오염원 저감효과 및 정책개발 시의 고려사항을 기술하였다. 논에서의 유출 저감은 SO#3(25%)와 SO#1(27%)에서 관행재배와 비교하였을 때 상대적으로 높았으나, SO#4(9%)와 SO#2(7%)에서 낮게 나타났다. 논 유출량의 NPS 오염물질 농도와 부하는 변화의 폭이 높게 나타났으며 BMPs 중에 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 또한 농민들의 인식조사 결과, 농민들은 실제 BMP 구현의 한계로 기존 관행적인 영농활동을 유지하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 NPS 오염물질 관리와 관개수 절약을 위해서 농민 교육 및 지원과 함께 관개물꼬 및 논의 담수심을 자동 조절할 수 있는 관리방안이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Automatic water meter installed at the outlet of control(CT) block (Thalimedes, OTT, the Netherlands)

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Fig. 2. Plane view of treated irrigation block, irrigation and drainage ditch, and block monitoring site of the study area located in Yongke-ri, Baeksan-myon, Buan-gun, Jeonbuk Province in Saemanguem watershed.

Table 1. 30-year daily rainfall analysis in Gunsan city during 1985-2015

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Table 2. Experimental treatment, area and number of fields of the 5 irrigation block monitored in this study

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Table 3. Comparison of runoff depth (mm) with respect to measurement period and runoff reduction ratio (%) of respective treatment with respect to control(CT)

HKSJBV_2018_v20n4_304_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Average concentration of paddy non-point source pollutants with respect to treatment and measurement period (Unit: mg/L)

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Table 5. Arithmetic average of all measured concentration data with respect to measurement period (Unit: mg/L)

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Table 6. Average load of paddy non-point source pollutant with respect to treatment and measurement period (Unit: kg/ha)

HKSJBV_2018_v20n4_304_t0006.png 이미지

Table 7. Reduction rate of selected paddy non-point source pollutant from treated block over conventional block(Unit: %)

HKSJBV_2018_v20n4_304_t0007.png 이미지

Table 8. Non-point source pollution load per mm of drainage (g/mm/ha)

HKSJBV_2018_v20n4_304_t0008.png 이미지

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