Korean Journal of Agricultural Science (농업과학연구)

Institute of Agricultural Science, CNU (충남대학교 농업과학연구소)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Nutritional evaluation of total mixed rations containing rice grain in an in vitro rumen fermentation system

  • Yang, Sung Jae (Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Department of Animal Science, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Han Been (Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Department of Animal Science, Pusan National University) ;
  • Moon, Joon Beom (Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Department of Animal Science, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Na Eun (Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Department of Animal Science, Pusan National University) ;
  • Park, Joong Kook (Institute of Livestock, Nonghyup Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Park, Byung Ki (Nonghyup Feed Co., LTD.) ;
  • Lee, Se Young (Department of Animal Science, Yonam College) ;
  • Seo, Jakyeom (Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Department of Animal Science, Pusan National University)
  • Received : 2018.08.10
  • Accepted : 2018.10.22
  • Published : 2018.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of total mixed rations (TMR) containing rice grain in an in vitro rumen fermentation system. Three types of grains (corn, wheat, and rice), timothy, and soybean meal (SBM) were used to prepare the experimental TMR: Corn TMR, Wheat TMR, and Rice TMR. The rumen fermentation characteristics of all the experimental TMRs were evaluated by an in vitro anaerobic system using rumen fluid for 24 and 48 h. The digestibility of the nutrients (dry matter [DM], crude protein [CP], and neutral detergent fiber [NDF]), pH, ammonia ($NH_3-N$), and volatile fatty acids (VFA) were determined. Rice TMR showed a higher DM digestibility than that of the Corn TMR at 48 h (p < 0.05). In all treatments, the CP digestibility was more than 80% at 48 h, but no significant differences were observed among the treatments. The NDF digestibility tended to be the lowest in the Wheat TMR (p = 0.06), and the pH tended to be the lowest in the Rice TMR (p = 0.09) among the treatments for the 48 h incubation. The Wheat TMR had the highest $NH_3-N$ concentration among the treatments (p < 0.01). Rice TMR had a lowest total VFA concentration among the treatments (p = 0.05) at 24 h, but no significant differences were observed at 48 h. Based on this in vitro result, it was considered that a rice grain has the potential to replace conventional grain ingredients when the TMR was formulated.

Keywords

Table 1. Chemical composition (%DM or as fed basis) of feed ingredient and experimental TMR.

CNNSA3_2018_v45n4_741_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. In vitro fermentation of TMR with diferent treatments.

CNNSA3_2018_v45n4_741_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Volatile fatty acids production of TMR with diferent treatments.

CNNSA3_2018_v45n4_741_t0003.png 이미지

References

  1. AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). 2005. Official methods of analysis of AOAC International. AOAC international, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
  2. Chaney AL, Marbach EP. 1962. Modified reagents for determination of urea and ammonia. Clinical chemistry 8:130-132.
  3. Erwin ES, Marco GJ, Emer EM. 1961. Volatile fatty acid analyses of blood and rumen fluid by gas chromatography. Journal of dairy science 44:1768-1771. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(61)89956-6
  4. FBOCNU (Foundation of research and Business of Chungnam National University). 2015. Development of program for calculating the retail price of Hanwoo's formulated feed and plan of cost reduction. p. 2. FBOCNU, Daejeon, Korea.
  5. France J, Dikstra J. 2005. Violatile fatty acid production. In Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism (2nd) edited by Dijkstra J, Forbes JM, France J. p 159. CABI Publishing, Cambridge, MA.
  6. Goering HK, Van Soest PJ. 1970. Forage fiber analysis: (apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications). Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Maryland, USA.
  7. Herrera-Saldana RE, Huber JT, Poore MH. 1990. Dry matter, crude protein, and starch degradability of five cereal grains1. Journal of Dairy Science 73:2386-2393. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(90)78922-9
  8. Jung GW, Jo IH, Hwangbo S, Lee SH. 2009. Effects of feeding total mixed rations containing different winter forage crop silages on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and blood characteristics in Korean black goats. Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science 29: 389-398. [in Korean] https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2009.29.4.389
  9. Kim DH, Park HY, Choi CW. 2017. Comparison of in vitro ruminal fermentation between different originated corn grains. Korean Journal of Agricultural Science 44:541-548. [in Korean]
  10. Kim KH, Kim KS, Lee SC, Oh YG, Chung CS, Kim KJ. 2003. Effects of total mixed rations on ruminal characteristics, digestibility and beef production of Hanwoo steers. Journal of Animal Science and Technology 45:387-396. [in Korean] https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2003.45.3.387
  11. Kleiber M, Smith AH, Black AL, Brown MA, Tolbert BM. 1952. Acetate as a precursor of milk constituents in the intact dairy cow. Journal of Biological Chemistry 197:371-379.
  12. KOSTAT (Statistics Korea). 2017. Survey on production cost of agricultural and livestock products in 2016. Statistics Korea, Daejeon, Korea. [in Korean]
  13. KOSTAT (Statistics Korea). 2018. Current state of Hanwoo beef cattle breeding. Statistics Korea, Daejeon, Korea. [in Korean]
  14. MAFRA (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs). 2015. Mid to long term supply-demand stability measures of rice. MAFRA, Sejong, Korea. [in Korean]
  15. McGilliard ML, Swisher JM, James RE. 1983. Grouping lactating cows by nutritional requirements for feeding. Journal of Dairy Science 66:1084-1093. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(83)81905-5
  16. Miyaji M, Nonaka K, Matsuyama H, Hosoda K, Kobayashi R. 2010. Effects of cultivar and processing method of rice grain on ruminal disappearance characteristics. Japanese Journal of Grassland Science 56:13-19. [in Japanese] https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-697X.2009.00167.x
  17. Miyaji M, Matsuyama H, Hosoda K, Nonaka K. 2012. Effect of replacing corn with brown rice grain in a total mixed ration silage on milk production, ruminal fermentation and nitrogen balance in lactating dairy cows. Animal Science Journal 83:585-593. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-0929.2011.00996.x
  18. Miyaji M, Matsuyama H, Hosoda K. 2014. Effect of substituting brown rice for corn on lactation and digestion in dairy cows fed diets with a high proportion of grain. Journal of dairy science 97:952-960. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2013-7046
  19. Moon YH, Yang JB, Jung IC. 2011. Effect of feeding mugwort (artemisia capillaris) TMR fodder on physicochemical and sensory characteristics of Hanwoo rump meat. Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life 21:345-352. [in Korean]
  20. Nocek JE, Steele RL, Braund DG. 1985. Effect of mixed ration nutrient density on milk of cows transferred from high production group. Journal of Dairy Science 68:133-139. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(85)80806-7
  21. NRC (National Research Council). 2001. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle (7ed). National Academic Press, Washington D.C., USA.
  22. Oh YK, Kim KH, Choi CW, Kang SW, Chung IB, Nho WG. 2006. Evaluation of feeding value of brown rice in Korean native beef steers (Hanwoo). Journal of Animal Science and Technology 48:393-400. [in Korean] https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2006.48.3.393
  23. Opatpatanakit Y, Kellaway RC, Lean IJ, Annison G, Kirby A. 1994. Microbial fermentation of cereal grains in vitro. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 45:1247-1263. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR9941247
  24. Russell JB. 2002. Rumen microbiology and its role in ruminant nutrition. p. 10. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
  25. Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of dairy science 74:3583-3597. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
  26. Yang SJ, Jung ES, Kim HB, Shin TS, Cho BW, Cho SK, Kim BW, Seo JK. 2018. Nutritional evaluation of rice with different processing treatments on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and in situ degradation. Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture 26:281-296. [in Korean] https://doi.org/10.11625/KJOA.2018.26.2.281

Cited by

  1. Replacement of corn with rice grains did not alter growth performance and rumen fermentation in growing Hanwoo steers vol.33, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.19.0691
  2. Substitution effects of rice for corn grain in total mixed ration on rumen fermentation characteristics and microbial community in vitro vol.62, pp.5, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5187/jast.2020.62.5.638
  3. Evaluation of parboiled rice by-product as a ruminant feed: in vitro digestibility and methane production vol.762, pp.1, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/762/1/012045