Korean Journal of Agricultural Science (농업과학연구)

Institute of Agricultural Science, CNU (충남대학교 농업과학연구소)
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Excessive soil water stress responses of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) and perilla (Perilla frutescens L.) cultivated from paddy fields with different topographic features

  • Ryu, Jongsoo (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Baek, Inyeoul (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Kwak, Kangsu (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Han, Wonyoung (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Bae, Jinwoo (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, Jinki (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Chun, Hyen Chung (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA)
  • Received : 2018.06.11
  • Accepted : 2018.09.27
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

In Korea, the largest agricultural lands are paddy fields which have poor infiltration and drainage properties. Recently, the Korean government has pursued cultivating upland crops in paddy fields to reduce overproduced rice in Korea. For this policy to succeed, it is critical to understand the topographic information of paddy fields and its effects on upland crops cultivated in the soils of paddy fields. The objective of this study was to characterize the growth properties of sesame and perilla from paddy fields with three soil topographic features and soil water effects which were induced by the topographic features of the sesame and perilla. The crops were planted in paddy fields located in Miryang, Gyeongnam with different topographies: mountain foot slope, local valley and alluvial plain. Soil water contents and groundwater levels were measured every hour during the growing season. The paddy field of the mountain foot slope was significantly effective in alleviating wet injury for the sesame and perilla in the paddy fields. The paddy field of the mountain foot slope had a decreased average soil water content and groundwater level during cultivation. Stress day index (SDI) from the alluvial plain paddy field had the greatest values from both crops and the smallest from the ones from the paddy field of the mountain foot slope. This result means that sesame and perilla had the smallest stress from the soil water content of the paddy field on the mountain foot slope and the greatest stress from the soil water content of the alluvial plain. It is important to consider the topography of paddy fields to reduce wet injury and to increase crop yields.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Satellite images (top) and experiment plot diagram (bottom) from three paddy felds; A: Mountain foot slopes, B: Local valley and C: Alluvial plains.

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Fig. 2. Locations of soil water and groundwater level measurements from each experiment plot.

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Fig. 3. Average and standard deviation values of soil water (top) and groundwater level (bottom) from three paddy fields (mountain foot slopes, local valley and alluvial plains). The points represent days of excessive soil water calculated from soil water content (top) and groundwater level (bottom).

Table 1. Soil properties of three experimental sites.

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Table 2. Growth and yield characteristics of sesame from three paddy felds; Mountain foot slopes, local valley, and alluvial plains.

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Table 3. Growth and yield characteristics of perilla from three paddy fields; Mountain foot slopes, local valley, and alluvial plains.

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Table 4. Summary of SPAD chlorophyll meter and SDI results of sesame and perilla from three paddy felds; Mountain foot slopes, local valley, and alluvial plains.

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