Korean Journal of Agricultural Science (농업과학연구)

Institute of Agricultural Science, CNU (충남대학교 농업과학연구소)
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Cytokine modulation in Raw 264.7 macrophages treated with ginseng fermented by Penibacillus MBT213

  • Son, Ji Yoon (Laboratory of Milk Food Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Renchinkhand, Gereltuya (Laboratory of Milk Food Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Bae, Hyoung Churl (Laboratory of Milk Food Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Paik, Seung-Hee (Division of Food Service Industry, Yonam College) ;
  • Lee, Jo Yoon (College of Tourism & Health, Joongbu University) ;
  • Nam, Myoung Soo (Laboratory of Milk Food Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2018.05.30
  • Accepted : 2018.07.24
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

The fermentation of Panax ginseng yields many compounds including ginsenosides that have various biological functions. The objective of this study was to investigate the modulation of nitric oxide (NO), Interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ in Raw 264.7 cells treated with ginseng fermented by Penibacillus MBT213. Nitric oxide production in the Raw 264.7 cells treated for 24 hours with fermented ginseng at 3, 7, and 14 days after the treatment decreased to 74, 43, and 36%, respectively, compared with the positive control. The production of IL-6 was inhibited in all the cells treated with fermented ginseng at 3, 7, and 14 days after the treatment except for the positive control. The $TNF-{\alpha}$ production in the Raw 264.7 cells treated with fermented ginseng for 6 hours at 3, 7, and 14 days after the treatment was about 40,000, 85,000 and 65,000 pg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the $TNF-{\alpha}$ production in the Raw 264.7 cells treated with fermented ginseng for 24 hours at 7 and 14 days after the treatment was about 160,000 and 180,000 pg/mL, respectively. However, $TNF-{\alpha}$ production was inhibited in the Raw 264.7 cells at 6 and 12 hours after the treatment with fermented ginseng. herefore, it was confirmed that the immunological activity of the Raw 264.7 macrophages was affected by the treatment with fermented ginseng. It was concluded that ginseng fermented by Paenibacillus MBT213 possesses a potential anti-inflammatory activity and could be used as an ingredient in functional foods and pharmaceutical products.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Effect of fermented ginseng by Penibacillus MBT213 on the cell viability water soluble tetrazolium (WST)-1 in Raw 264.7 cells for 6, 12, 24 h at 37℃. Fermented ginseng by Penibacillus MBT213 were treated to Raw 264.7 cells for 3, 7, 14 days. Each bar represents the average ± SE of three independent experiments. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 μg/mL) treatment alone served as a positive control. Level of significance was identified statistically compare with control using Duncan's multiple range test (*p < 0.05).

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Fig. 2. The production quantity of nitric oxide (NO) in Raw 264.7 cells by fermented ginseng by Penibacillus MBT213 for 6, 12, 24 h at 37℃ of fermented ginseng by Penibacillus MBT 213 were treated to Raw 264.7 cells for 3, 7, 14 days. Each bar represents the average ± SD of three independent experiments. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 μg/mL) treatment alone served as a positive control. Level of significance was identified statistically compare with control using Duncan's multiple range test (*p < 0.05).

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Fig. 3. The expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and Iinterleukin (IL)-6 in Raw 264.7 cells by fermented ginseng by Penibacillus MBT213 for 6, 12, 24 h at 37℃. Fermented ginseng by Penibacillus MBT213 were treated to Raw 264.7 cells for 3, 7, 14 days. GAPDH, glutaldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; LPS, Lipopolysaccharide.

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Fig. 4. The production quantity of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and Iinterleukin (IL)-6 in Raw 264.7 cells by fermented ginseng by Penibacillus MBT213 for 6, 12, 24 h at 37℃. Fermented ginseng by Penibacillus MBT 213 were treated to Raw 264.7 cells for 3, 7, 14 days. Each bar represents the average ± SD of three independent experiments. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 μg/mL) treatment alone served as a positive control. Level of significance was identified statistically compare with control using Duncan's multiple range test (*p < 0.05).

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