DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Influence of CSR and Corporate Ability on Purchase Intention -Focused on The mediating effects of product attitude and the moderating effects of corporate reputation -

기업의 사회적 책임(CSR)과 기업역량(CA)이 구매의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 - 제품태도의 매개효과와 기업명성의 조절효과를 중심으로 -

  • 양승광 (한양대학교 일반대학원 경영컨설팅학과) ;
  • 송유진 (한양대학교 경상대학 경영학부)
  • Received : 2018.03.12
  • Accepted : 2018.05.09
  • Published : 2018.06.30

Abstract

According to the results of the FKI's ethical management status and CSR promotion status, about 95% of domestic companies enact the Code of Ethics, while 64% of companies operating systems for communication and dialogue with stakeholders in the process of CSR activities, It seems that strategic CSR activities of domestic companies have not been fully established yet compared with the introduction of ethical management. Even if companies conduct CSR activities strategically, there is very little CSR level of the companies that consumers perceive. This is because the psychological mechanism of CSR on consumers' perceptions is too complicated and detailed, resulting in a positive result and a negative result depending on the investigator's research method. So far, there have been many studies on the direct impact of CSR on corporate evaluation, purchase intention, and corporate image. However, there are few studies on the effect of CSR and CA on purchase intention through product attitude. Therefore, The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effect of corporate social responsibility(CSR) and corporate Ability(CA) on the purchase intention through product attitudes perceived by consumers, and the moderating effect of corporate reputation between product attitude and purchase intention. As a research method, we selected 4 companies, such as Samsung etc, who have been conducting CSR for the past 10 years, as a sample. The relationship between the CSR and the corporate competence of these companies on purchasing intention was examined through questionnaires for general consumers. The results of this study show that CSR and CA have a positive effect on product attitude, and consumers' product attitude has a positive effect on purchase intention. In addition, CSR and CA were found to have a positive (+) effect on purchase intention through consumer attitude. Finally, it is found that the reputation of the firm has a moderating effect on the relationship between consumer's product attitude and purchase intention. This study suggests that CSR should be strategically promoted in order to positively shape the attitude of consumers toward products of companies and their companies. As a theoretical implication, this study showed that the effect of CSR activities and CA on consumer's product attitude and purchase intention, centered on mediating effects of product attitude and corporate reputation discrimination.

전경련의 '윤리경영현황 및 CSR 추진 실태 조사결과'에 의하면 국내 기업의 약 95%가 윤리 강령을 제정하고 있는 반면 CSR 추진과정에서 이해 관계자와의 소통 및 대화를 위한 제도를 운영하고 있는 기업은 64%에 불과하여 윤리경영 도입 현황과 대비해 볼 때 국내 기업의 전략적 CSR은 아직까지 완전히 정착되지 않은 것으로 보여 진다. 비록 기업체에서 CSR을 전략적으로 수행한다고 해도 해당 기업의 CSR에 대한 소비자의 인식 수준은 매우 미흡한 실정이다. 그것은 CSR이 소비자의 인식에 미치는 심리적 매카니즘이 너무 복잡하고 세밀하여 연구자의 조사 방법에 따라 긍정적인 결과가 나오기도 하지만 부정적인 결과가 나오기도 하기 때문일 것이다. 지금까지 CSR이 기업 평가나 구매 의도, 기업 이미지에 직접적으로 미치는 영향에 대해서는 수많은 연구가 있었다. 하지만 CSR과 CA가 제품 태도를 매개로 하여 구매 의도에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 거의 이루어지지 않고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기업의 사회적 책임(CSR)과 기업이 가지고 있는 기업역량(CA)이 각각 소비자가 인식하는 제품 태도를 매개로 하여 구매 의도에 미치는 영향과 아울러 제품 태도와 구매의도 간에 기업 명성의 조절 효과를 실증해 보고자 하였다. 연구 방법으로는 국내 기업중 과거 10년간 CSR을 수행해 온 삼성 등 4개 기업을 표본으로 선정하였고, 이 기업들이 수행하는 CSR과 CA가 구매 의도에 미치는 영향에 대해 일반 소비자를 대상으로 하는 설문을 통하여 조사하였다. 본 논문의 연구 결과 CSR과 CA는 제품 태도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 소비자의 제품 태도는 구매 의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 CSR과 CA가 소비자의 제품 태도를 매개로 구매 의도에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 마지막으로 소비자의 제품 태도와 구매 의도 간의 관계에서 기업의 명성이 조절 효과를 미치고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구의 의의는 소비자들이 기업이나 그 기업의 제품을 대하는 태도를 긍정적으로 형성하기 위해 CSR을 전략적으로 추진해야 할 필요성과 동시에 기업의 역량을 강화해야 할 필요성을 제기시켜 주고 있으며 이론적 시사점으로서 본 연구는 기존 연구와는 차별적으로 소비자의 제품 태도의 매개 효과와 기업 명성의 조절 효과를 중심으로 CSR과 CA가 소비자의 제품 태도와 구매 의도에 미치는 영향 관계를 실증했다는데 의의가 있을 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. 고성훈.문태원(2013), "기업의 사회적 책임활동 인식이 조직몰입에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구-컴페션을 매개효과로," 경영과 정보연구, 32(3), 189-220.
  2. 권기경(2017), "기업의 사회적 책임활동이 소비자의 구매 후 제품태도에 미치는 영향 - 브랜드 명성을 중심으로," 마케팅연구, 32(3), 69-85.
  3. 김나경(2011), "윤리적 소비자가 몰려온다". LG Business Insight, 3, 24-32.
  4. 김보영.이가영.송니은(2017), "원산지 이미지, 브랜드 태도, 기업의 사회적 책임이 중국 소비자의 지각된 품질과 구매의도에 미치는 영향," 경영과 정보연구, 36(3), 1-16.
  5. 박미혜.강이주(2009), "윤리적 소비 개념 및 실태에 대한 고찰," 한국생활과학회지, 18(5), 1047-1062. https://doi.org/10.5934/KJHE.2009.18.5.1047
  6. 배지양(2015), 기업 사회공헌활동, CSR의 이해, 커뮤니케이션북스.
  7. 윤각.조재수(2007), "기업의 사회적 책임활동 인식에 영향을 미치는 요인들에 관한 연구," 광고연구, 75, 163-186.
  8. 원종하.정대현(2017), "공유가치창출(CSV)활동이 구매의도에 미치는 영향 : 가치사슬 관점," 경영과 정보연구, 36(4), 1-19.
  9. 이학식.안광호.하영원(2015), 소비자행동: 마케팅전략적 접근, 서울: 집현재.
  10. 이현응(2014), "국내 HRD 연구의 매개효과 분석방법에 대한 고찰," HRD 연구, 16(2), 225-249.
  11. 전국경제인연합회(2009), 윤리경영현황 및 CSR 추진 실태 조사결과, FIP-2009-0028.
  12. 조영아(2017), "계획행동이론을 적용한 성인 근로자의 경력관리행동 발현과정," 진로교육연구, 30(1), 224-242.
  13. 천경희.홍연금.윤명애.송인숙(2010), 착한 소비 윤리적 소비, 서울: 시그마프레스.
  14. 차희원(2005), "기업 이미지와 기업명성이 조직-공중 관계성과 기업 슈퍼브랜드에 미치는 영향," 광고연구, 68, 171-199.
  15. 황병일(2004), "기업의 전문성, 진실성, 사회적 책임이 기업 명성과 고객의 관계 유지 의도에 미치는 영향," 광고학연구, 15(5), 361-378.
  16. 허원무(2013), "매개효과분석 방법의 최근 트랜드," 한국비즈니스리뷰, 6(3), 43-59.
  17. Aaker, J., Vohs, Kathleen D. and Mogilner, C.(2010), "Nonprofits Are Seen as Warm and For-Profits as Competent: Firm Stereotypes Matter," Journal of Consumer Research, 37(2), 224-237. https://doi.org/10.1086/651566
  18. Ajzen, I. and Fishbein M.(1977), "Attitude Behaviour Relations: A Theoretical Analysis and Review of Empirical Research," Psychological Bulletin, .84 (5), 888-918. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.84.5.888
  19. Ajzen, I. and Fishbein M.(1980), Understanding Attitude and Prediction Social Behavior, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  20. Anderson, J. C. and D. W. Gerbing(1988). "Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach," Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411-423. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.411
  21. Anselmsson, Johan and Ulf, Johnson(2006), "Corporate Social Responsibility and the Positioning of Grocery Brands," International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 35(10), 835-856. https://doi.org/10.1108/09590550710820702
  22. Bagozzi, Richard. P.(1981), "Attitudes, Intentions, and Behavior: A Test of Some Key Hypotheses," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41 (4), 607-627. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.41.4.607
  23. Bagozzi, Richard. P. and Youjae Yi(1988), "On the Evaluation of Structural Equation Models," Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74-94. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02723327
  24. Becker-Olsen, Karen L. and Hill, Ronald(2006), "The Impact of Perceived Corporate Social Responsibility on Consumer Behavior," Journal of Business Research, 59(1), 46-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2005.01.001
  25. Berens, Guido, van Riel, C. B. M. and van Bruggen, Gerrit H.(2005), "Corporate Associations and Consumer Product Responses: The Moderating Role of Corporate Brand Dominance," Journal of Marketing, 69, 35-48. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.69.3.35.66357
  26. Bhattacharya. C. B and Sen, Sankar(2004), "Doing Better and Doing Good: When, Why, and How Consumers Respond to Corporate Social Initiatives," California Management Review, 47(1), 9-24. https://doi.org/10.2307/41166284
  27. Bowen, Howard R.(1953), Social Responsibility of the Businessman, NY: Haper and Row.
  28. Brown, Tom J. and Dacin, Peter A.(1997), "The Company and the Product: Corporate Associations and Consumer Product Responses," Journal of Marketing, 61, 68-84. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299706100205
  29. Brown, Tom J. and Dacin, Peter A.(1998), "Corporate Associations in Marketing: Antecedents and Consequences," Corporate Reputation Review, 1(3), 215-233. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.crr.1540045
  30. Carroll, Archie B.(1979), "A Three Demensional Conceptual Model of Corporate Social Performance," Academy of Management of Review, 4 , 497-505. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1979.4498296
  31. Carroll, Archie B.(1999). "Corporate Social Responsibility: Evolution of a Definitional Construct," Business and Society. 38(3), 268-296. https://doi.org/10.1177/000765039903800303
  32. Caruana, Albert(1997), "Corporate Reputation: Concept and Measurement," Journal of Product & Brand Management, 6(2), 109-118. https://doi.org/10.1108/10610429710175646
  33. Dawar, Niraj and Madan M. Pillutla(2000), "The Impact of Product-Harm Crisis on Brand Equity: The Moderating Role of Consumer Expectations," Journal of Marketing, 37, 215-226. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.37.2.215.18729
  34. Fishbein, M and Ajzen, I.(1975), Belief, Attitude, Intention and Behaviour: An Introduction to Theory and Research, MA: Addison-Wesley.
  35. Fombrun, Charles J.(1996), Reputation: Realizing Value from the Corporate Image, Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
  36. Fombrun, Charles J., and Van Riel, C. B. M.(2003), Fame and Fortune: How Successful Companies Build Winning Reputations. NJ: Prentice-Hall Financial Times.
  37. Forehand, Mark R. and Grier, Sonya(2003). "When Is Honesty the Best Policy? The Effect of Stated Company Intenton Consumer Skepticism," Journal of Consumer Psychology, 13(3), 349-357. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327663JCP1303_15
  38. Gurhan-Canli, Zeynep and Batra, Rajeev(2004), "When Corporate Image Affects Product Evaluations: The Moderating Role of Perceived Risk," Journal of Marketing Research, 41(2), 197-205. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.41.2.197.28667
  39. Hayes, A. F.(2009), "Beyond Baron and Kenny," Communication Monographs, 76(4), 408-420. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637750903310360
  40. Hayes, A. F.(2013), Introduction to Mediation, Moderation and Conditional Process Analysis. NY: Guilford Press.
  41. Hayes, A. F. and Matthes, J.(2009), "Computational Procedures for Probing Interactions in OLS and Logistic Regression: SPSS and SAS Implementations," Behavior Research Methods, 41, 924-936. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.3.924
  42. Hayes, A. F., and Rockwood, N. J.(2017), "Regression-based Statistical Mediation and Moderation Analysis in Clinical Research: Observations, Recommendations, and Implementation," Behaviour Research and Therapy, 98, 39-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2016.11.001
  43. Jari Karna, Eric Hansen and Heikki Juslin(2003), "Social Responsibility in Environmental Marketing Planning," European Journal of Marketing, 37(5/6), 848-871 https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560310465170
  44. Keller, Kevin Lane and Aaker, David A.(1998), "The Impact of Corporate Marketing on a Company's Brand Extensions," Corporate Reputation Review, 1(4), 356-378. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.crr.1540057
  45. Klein, Jill and Dawar, Niraj(2004), "Corporate Social Responsibility and Consumers' Attributions and Brand Evaluations in a Product-Harm Crisis," International Journal of Research in Marketing, 21(3), 203-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2003.12.003
  46. Kotler, Philip and Lee, Nancy(2005). Corporate Social Responsibility ; Doing the Most Good for Your Company and Your Cause, John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
  47. Lafferty, Barbara A. and Goldsmith, Ronald E.(1999), "Corporate Credibility's Role in Consumers' Attitudes and Purchase Intentions When a High versus a Low Credibility Endorser Is Used in the Ad," Journal of Business Research, 44(2), 109-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(98)00002-2
  48. Luo, Xueming and Bhattacharya, C. B.(2006), "Corporate Social Responsibility, Customer Satisfaction, and Market Value," Journal of Marketing, 70(4), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.70.4.1
  49. Michael Regester and Judy Larkin(2005), Risk Issues and Crisis Management: A Casebook of Best Practice, Kogan Page Publishers.
  50. Nan, Xiaoli and Heo, Kwangjun(2007), "Consumer Responses to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Initiatives: Examining the Role of Brand-Cause Fit in Cause-Related Marketing," Journal of Advertising, 36, 63-74. https://doi.org/10.2753/JOA0091-3367360204
  51. Nguyen, Nha and LeBlanc, Gaston(2001), "Image and Reputation of Higher Education Institutions in Students' Retention Decisions," International Journal of Educational Management, 15(6), 303-311. https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000005909
  52. Oliver, R. L.(1980), "A Cognitive Model of the Antecedents and Consequences of Satisfaction Decisions," Journal of Marketing Research, 17, 460-469. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378001700405
  53. Pope, N. K. L. and Voges, K. E.(2000), "The Impact of Sport Sponsorship Activities, Corporate Image, and Prior Use on Consumer Purchase Intention," Sport Marketing Quarterly, 9(2), 96-102.
  54. Porter, M. E. and Kramer, M. R.(2006), "Strategy and Society: The Link between Competitive Advantage and Corporate Social Responsibility," Harvard Business Review, 84(12), 78-92.
  55. Porter, M. E. and Kramer, M. R.(2011), "Creating Shared Value," Harvard Business Review, 89(1/2), 62-77.
  56. Preacher, K. J. and Hayes, A. F.(2004), "SPSS and SAS Procedures for Estimating Indirect Effects in Simple Mediation Models," Behavior Research Methods, 36, 717-731.
  57. Preacher, K. J. and Hayes, A. F.(2008), "A Symptotic and Resampling Strategies for Assessing and Comparing Indirect Effects in Multiple Mediator Models," Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879-891. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.879
  58. Roberts, Peter W. and Dowling, Grahame R.(2002), "Corporate Reputation and Sustained Superior Financial Performance," Strategic Management Journal, 23(12), 1077-1093. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.274
  59. Sen, Sankar and Bhattacharya, C. B.(2001), "Does Doing Good Always Lead to Doing Better? Consumer Reactions to Corporate Social Responsibility," Journal of Marketing Research, 38(2), 225-243. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.38.2.225.18838
  60. Sen, Sankar, Bhattacharya, C. B. and Korschun, D.(2006), "The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Strengthening Multiple Stakeholder Relationships: A Field Experiment," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 34(2), 158-166. https://doi.org/10.1177/0092070305284978
  61. Trudel, R. and Cotte, J.(2009), "Does It Pay To Be Good?," MIT Sloan Management Review, 50(2), 61-68.

Cited by

  1. 기업의 사회적 책임활동이 구매의도에 미치는 영향 - 반기업정서를 중심으로 - vol.38, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.29214/damis.2019.38.1.010
  2. How does Corporate Social Responsibility of Newspaper Companies affect Public Trust in Newspaper Companies and the Press? : Investigating Editorial Responsibility and CSR Program Types vol.64, pp.5, 2018, https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2020.64.5.003