Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety (해양환경안전학회지)

The Korean Society of Marine Environment and safety (해양환경안전학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Revising Countermeasures Against Natural Disasters Act to Introduce a Coastal Compound Disaster Management Area

해안가 복합재해 관리구역 제도 도입을 위한 법령 개정의 주요 방향

  • Lee, Moonsuk (Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology) ;
  • Cho, Ah Young (Seoul National University School of Law) ;
  • Jang, Ahreum (Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology)
  • Received : 2021.12.08
  • Accepted : 2021.12.28
  • Published : 2021.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Coastal compound disasters are becoming more extreme and more frequent due to climate change. Thus, appropriate and systematic disaster management is necessary to reduce potential losses. One solution to this is the creation of a coastal compound disaster management area. However, Korea's "Countermeasures against Natural Disasters Act" needs to be reformed to introduce this coastal compound disaster management area. In this study, we tried to find the appropriate direction for reforming the Act in order to establish a basis for implementing regulations on the Coastal Compound Disaster Management Area with regard to three aspects: science-based management, cooperative management, and adaptive management. The study was on the premise that the system would be operated based on the provisions of the "Countermeasures against Natural Disasters Act". Consequently for effective science-based management, it is necessary to introduce a disaster risk assessment framework. Based on the results obtained through the implementation of this framework, the management areas should be set with differential measures. Next, cooperation among the various ministries is essential to successfully respond to disasters. This study recommends the establishment of an advisory council composed of the related government departments as a pragmatic solution. Finally, in terms of adaptive management, we found that parallelly utilizing non-structural measures could compensate for the limitations of structural measures.

해안가 복합재해는 기후변화 등의 영향으로 인해 그 규모 및 피해정도가 증가하고 있어, 이에 대한 적절하고 체계적 관리가 필요하다. 하지만 해안가 복합재해에 대해 우리나라는 법제도적인 미비가 있고, 따라서 해안가 복합재해 관리구역 제도를 위한 법률적 마련할 필요가 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 해당 제도가 「자연재해대책법」의 규정을 중심으로 운영되는 것을 전제로 하여 크게 과학기반 관리, 협력적 관리, 그리고 적응관리라는 세 가지 측면에서 선행된 이론적 연구를 토대로 적절한 규범화 작업의 방향을 검토하였다. 그 결과 효과적인 과학기반 관리를 위해서는 위험성 평가 도입이 필요하고, 이를 통해 얻어진 결과를 기준으로 구역범위 설정 및 그에 따른 차등적 대책을 설정하도록 해야 할 것이다. 협력적관리 측면에서는 다양한 부처들이 해안가 복합재해와 관련되어 있기에 다양한 주체의 협력 기반을 제도화할 필요가 있는데, 그 방안으로 행정안전부, 국토교통부, 해양수산부, 환경부, 지자체 등이 함께 정책·제도를 협의할 수 있는 정책협의회를 구성할 것을 제안한다. 마지막으로 적응관리 측면에서 구조적 대책의 한계를 비구조적 대책을 병행 추진하여 보완할 필요성이 있음이 나타났으며, 따라서 법을 개정함에 있어 재해관리를 위한 계획 수립 시 비구조적 대책을 활용을 촉진할 수 있는 지원 방안을 담아야 할 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 행정안전부 극한 재난대응 기술개발사업 '해안가 복합재난 위험지역 피해저감 기술개발(2018-MOIS31-008)' 과제의 지원으로 수행되었습니다.

References

  1. Ansell, J. and F. Wharton(1992), Risk: Analysis, Assessment and Management, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, West Sussex
  2. Cho, C. J. and M. Jang(2011), A Study on Collaborative Governance Model for Conflict Resolutions, Journal of the Korean Urban Management Association, Vol. 24 No. 2, pp. 23-47.
  3. Eo, G., J. H. Im, T. Y. Kwon, K. R. Oh, and O. B. Sim(2019), Development and Evaluation of Characteristic Elements in Disaster Prevention Techniques for a Coastal Composite Disaster Area, Journal of Climate Change Research Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 243-253. https://doi.org/10.15531/KSCCR.2019.10.3.243
  4. Hwang, S. M., H. M. Oh, S. Nam and T. S. Kang(2020), Coastal Complex Disaster Risk Assessment in Busan Marine City. Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety, 26(5), pp. 506-513. https://doi.org/10.7837/kosomes.2020.26.5.506
  5. Innes, J. F. and D. F. Booher(2000), Collaborative Dialogue as a Policy Making Strategy, Paper Presented at the International Society of Ecological Economics, Canberra.
  6. Jacobson, S. K., J. Archer, and J. Morris(2003), Identifying barriersto an adaptive management program in Florida: planning work-shop questionnaire results of FWC and external scientists, Report.Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Tallahassee, Florida
  7. Kim, N.(2007), Rechtliche Probleme des vorherigen Benehmens mit der Zentralregierung, Local Government Law Journal, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 197-224. https://doi.org/10.21333/lglj.2007.7.3.008
  8. Kim, G. J.(2013), The Cooperation between the State and the Local Government - Focused on the Participation of the Local Government in the State Policy and the Cooperative Control of the State to the Local Government -, Legislation and Policies, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 73-108.
  9. Kim, H.(2015), Response to Climate Change: Enacting the Climate Change Adaptation Act, Journal of Legislarion Research, No. 48, pp. 179-206.
  10. Kim, J. S.(2018), Organization and Management in Cooperating Local Government - Focus on the Case Study of the United States -, Local Government Law Journal, Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 39-62. https://doi.org/10.21333/lglj.2018.18.3.002
  11. Kim, J. S.(2020), Non-Structural Measures to Strengthen the Dam's Flood Defense Capability, National Assembly Research Service, Analysis Report of Current Issues Vol. 166.
  12. Kim, N. Y. and C. S. Park(2021), A priority Analysis on the Climate Change Adaptation Measures in the Disaster: Using AHP and ANP, Journal of Environmental Policy and Administration, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 21-45. https://doi.org/10.15301/jepa.2021.29.1.21
  13. Kim, S. W., J. M. Lee, D. W. Jang, and J. J. Chon(2018), Disaster Risk Assessment for the Disaster Resources Management Planning, Journal of Korean Society Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 387-394 https://doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2018.18.2.387
  14. Kwon, Y. H. and S. J. Lee, and C. A. Park(2015) Measures for strengthening the ecosystem environment security in responding to climate change : an approach to improving ecosystem management for climate change adaptation, KEI
  15. Kwon, Y. S.(2010) Constitutional Law, Paju: Bobmunsa.
  16. Lee, B. J., B. H. Lee, S. H. Oh, Y. T. Lee, and K. S. Kim (2017), A study of a system for predicting damages of complex disasters considering the damage of major facilities, Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications (kosst), Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 18-25.
  17. Lee, K. W.(1992), The relationship between the central and local government, Journal of Local Government Studies, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 129-256.
  18. Lee, S. K.(2006), Planning Theory, pp. 247-251.
  19. Lee, S. S.(2003) Limits and Beyonds: Korea Local Government's Cooperations for Common Affairs -Focused on Information Affairs, The Korean Journal of Local Government Studies, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 137-161.
  20. Na, C. J.(2012), Legal research to strengthen the Scientific disaster management system against disaster environment change - Summary Report -, KLRI.
  21. Na, K. Y.(2019), A study on the introduction of a national and regional-based risk assessment system, Ministry of the Interior and Safety
  22. Park, M. R. and Y. K. Lee(2016), The prime examples of mega complex disasters and its implications, Journal of disaster prevention, Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 19-27.
  23. Park, H. K.(2013), A Legal Plan on the Mediation of Exterior Conflicts & Cooperation of Local Government, Public Law Journal, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 25-52. https://doi.org/10.31779/PLJ.14.3.201308.002
  24. Park, S., S. Hong, and K. Lee(2020), Trends in Disaster Prediction Technology Development and Service Delivery, ETRI.
  25. Park, Y. C., J. W. Yoo, S. Y. Jeong, T. G. Oh, J. R. Kim, M. K. Choi, and O. I. Choi(2019), Adaptive Management: a key tool for natural resource management, Journal of Wetlands Research. Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 267-280. https://doi.org/10.17663/JWR.2019.21.4.267
  26. Shin, D. H. and Y. M. Kim(2015), The Utilization of Big Data's Disaster Management in Korea, The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 377-392. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2015.15.02.377
  27. Sim, O. B., B. J. Lee, C. H. Lee, and J. H. Kim(2013), A Study on the Methods to Analyze Climate Change Driven Urban Disaster Vulnerability for Disaster Preventive Urban Planning, Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation. Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 13, No. 6, pp. 239-247.
  28. Taylor, B., L. Kremsater, and R. Ellis(1997), Adaptive Management of Forests in British Columbia, Ministry of Forests, Canada
  29. World Meteorological Organization, Associated Programme on Flood Management & Global Water Partnership(2013), INTEGRATED FLOOD MANAGEMENT TOOLS SERIES COASTAL AND DELTA FLOOD MANAGEMENT, p. 22.