Technology transfer is recognized as a critical issue to strengthen industri competitiveness in today's global and knowledge-based economies. The vertical transfer of technology from R&D labs to industries is becoming more emphasized than the horizontal company-to-company transfer of commercialized technology. The network and cooperation among technology transfer intermediaries are becoming more important with the increasing demand of the comprehensive technology transfer services. This paper presents the configuration models for technology transfer from universities and research institutes to industries. The configuration models are classified and discussed from the viewpoint of information flow, and also technology and knowledge transfer.

In the knowledge-based economy, technological knowledge (TK) is reckoned key subject of knowledge management. Despite growing recognition, it has long been considered an intractable task to develop precise measures of TK and, as a remedy, a number of R&D-related proxy indicators have been employed. Although voluminous previous research has examined the structure and process of technological innovation by using proxy indicators, the inquiry into the relationship among respective indicators has remained unexplored. In this research, we take three most frequent proxy indicators of TK, R&D human resources, R&D stock, and patents, and investigate the correlation among respective measures. In addition, the dynamic pattern of time lag between technological input and output is also analyzed.

With increasing globalization, a proper policy for global inter-city networking strongly required, which presumes the study on the heterogeneity among regional innovation systems. While surveying the research results of the Evolutionary Economics, 1 stress that regional systems of innovation differ in technological capacities, industrial structures, institutional arrangements and socio-cultural features. 1 make the empirical investigation based on the data of Busan and Hamburg, making clear the regional specificities among regional innovation systems. The results show that regional systems of innovation in Busan and Hamburg are quitely asymmetric. They suggest also the limitation of neo-classical assumption on the ‘homogeneous production function’ and that policy-makers in regions should make the policy for ‘global inter-cities networking’, based on perspectives of regional heterogeneity.

The main purpose of this study is to analyse the digital divide and th determinants of ICT diffusion rate in Korean industries. We estimate the ICT diffusion function using the pooling data for this analysis. The results are as follows. First, the ICT capital accumulated in machinery & equipment, electrical machinery and construction industry is estimated to be 83% of total In capital stock in the 90s. Second, using the panel analysis, we find positive correlation among ICT diffusion, network effect and accumulation of human capital, which is more prominent in the service sector. Third, the estimation results show that the additional 1% increase of human capital accumulation will allow to increase the 0.69% of ICT capital intensity in Korean industries.

The 21st century is not only the knowledge-based society but also the unifie era for Korea. It implies that Korea should prepare for the unification, especially in the area of knowledge, science, and technology. Under this background, this paper deals with how we can prepare for the unification of South and North Korea in science and technology (S&T) area. There have been no sufficient theoretical studies in this area. This paper, therefore, argues that regional innovation system, which has been developed since the beginning of the 1990s, could be effectively applied to the S&T cooperation and unification between both Koreas. It argues that regional innovation systems can formulate sectoral innovation systems effectively, which lead to a competent national innovation system. According to this study, South and North Korean regions have complementary sectoral innovation systems that could effectively cooperate with each other. Such S&T cooperation could make a great contribution to the S&T integration between two Koreas in the future. This paper argues, therefore, that S&T cooperation between two Koreas should target the unification of South and North Korean regional innovation systems. This paper names it as the unified national innovation system.

The purpose of this study is to classify the world countries into several cluste on the basis of the characteristics of the scientific and technological development, and analyse the main factors of development in each cluster. Major contributions of this study can be summarized as follows: (1) In the process of producing the composite indicators, individual indicators were adopted only if they met the condition which were logically compliable for the given time periods. Hence this thesis supports the reliability in comparing results of analysis in each period of years. (2) Could clearly capture the development characteristics and its changing process in each country.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the Indian Software Industry and t government's industrial policy by analysing the characteristics of the software industry, authority, development process, social infrastructure, and public sector. The Information age is creating profound changes in the way we live and work. It is transforming all aspects of society, stimulating new opportunities. Over the past decade, India has deliberately prepared itself to meet the new challenges of the information age. India became an important player in shaping world software industry. Through the industrial policy, Indian government is focusing on 1) the development of software industry, 2) dramatic increase in IT scientists engineers, and the promotion of education institutes, 3) the establishment of the software technology Parks (STP), 4) the inducement of foreign direct investment, 5) extensive standardization, 6) the coordination of the law and system. India has liberalized finance and telecommunications system in an effort to bring in more business, and has revamped education curriculums to encourage more creativity among students. Government has played crucial role in bringing India one of advanced software nation by presenting the grand vision and sophisticated plan, liberalizing telecommunication market, and enhancing the efficiency of bureaucratic system.

This Paper reviews some current studies on collaborations in Pharmaceutic industry. Collaboration is one of the key subjects in the innovation studies of pharmaceutical industry. In this preliminary review, several issues in collaborations, including motives, conditions, types, intensity, frequency, possibility of duration, are examined with some critiques on each authors. On the basis of this review, some theoretical and practical implications are addressed briefly.