The purpose of this study is to propose the critical plans when renovate in elementary school through into the analysis the kinds of using space of elementary school and areal distribution of its part. In this study, there were 10 schools in Sokcho city, which schools were analyzed into the typical types and open classroom types. This study has been progressed in analysis of the drawings and materials of each elementary schools, and situation analysis through the visiting. The results of this study, there are many different kinds in the using spaces and areal distributions. Especially, the schools, which have the open classroom, have the excellent education environments. These results show that the education quality of the elementary school is not equal in themselves, so this is the contradiction of the changing trends of the education situation. So there needs a standard according to the number of the classrooms and the students.

This study aims at revealing important utilization planning by surveying and analyzing unused classrooms in primary school's facilities. That is various and positive utilization planning of unused classrooms in order to cope with the changes of educational environment focused on high and multi-functionization, rather qualitative aspect than quantitative. By field-survey and interview, physical and environmental factors such as, the change procedure of students, unused facilities in schools and improvement affairs and purpose stressed by schools were surveyed. Additionally, the way of educational facilities to future society linked with residents was examined by surveying about the relationship between educational facilities and regional communities. The curriculums and "School facilities standard ordinance" have been revised in part by several times individually and couldn't meet with educational facilities, educational and social change positively. In rural area, to apply the standard of the capacity by a class with 40 students like city is not desirable. To make educational environment better qualitatively, the capacity should be reduced by 30 students and the unit square per a student enlarged by $2.4m^2$. By room unit module "school institution and managerial regulations under high school" should be applied distinctively to break down like 6, 7~12, 13~24 and over 25 classes. So re-institution of the capacity by a class and the standard unit of the number of class by scale is needed.

The elementary schools which have played the role as core institution of farming and fishing area and the central of community are either unionized nor abolished. These appearances are showed from not only certain area but all throughout the nation. This is to investigate the abolition of elementary schools and the practical use device through the conditions of elementary schools in Chonnam area. Such problems like school carrying out or schooling course and teacher supply and demand outbreaks in the areas of school attendance population rapidly decrease. These kind of problems should be solved by linked to true character of local area, maintenance & preservation of property value, balanced expansion of the country instead of simple school attendance population decrease and abolition of school. The practical device for rapidly coming school abolition and many related problems are urgently needed. And to solve all these kind of problums, First, enough examinations before the fact and communication & agreement with local residents will be needed. Second, basic dierction of device for usage of school after abolition school should be selected.

Go-Sul-Sik(高設式) On-Dol(溫突) houses have a combination of high Ma-Ru and high On-Dol structure. This type of house had been developed in the process of combining Ma-Ru with On-Dol. Go-Sul-Sik On-Dol houses give a clue to unveil exchanging process of Korean On-Dol and Ma-Ru. Go-Sul-Sik On-Dol can be understood as an architectural type of introducing On-Dol into the upper classes' Ma-Ru afterwards. Apparently, Go-Sul-Sik On-Dol houses were not a two-story building. But they had a two-story structure because of On-Dol rooms, which implied a symbolic rank and On-Dol's practicality as well as its being high. Go-Sul-Sik On-Dol houses were peculiar architectural type which realized lives of the very individual authority and symbolic representation within the strict Confucian society. It seemed to be derived from an alternative of the upper classes' architectural culture integrating an ideal into reality.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the housing form characteristics of Korean Chinese living around Chagbaek mountain in Chinese. The field survey of housing layout and form of houses and interview and observation methods were was used with the data which were obtained form literature and statistical materials of Chinese government. Their houses are called Guytle-house and their analysed characteristics are summarized as follows ; the housing plans are one room type and they tend to have wide site area, abundant storage spaces and efficient energy saving structure.

The influx of the apartment housing culture have passed thirty years, but it has been pricipally developed that in terms of the urban's residents. There is very important problem when we think about the improvement of housing's life of dwellers in rural. Therefore, as increased demand of apartment housing and dweller's needs in rural we think that there is worth studing to the residents of rural's apartment housings. The purpose of this study is to understand the housing in rural, to discriminate between rural's and urban's apartment housing plan and to adapt to basic data to satisfy request of rural apartment housing's residents according to the family composition.

Environmental pollution has become a serious worldwide problem the humans has encountered in several decades. On the respect of the preservation of the global environment, world-wide consensus to cope with this problem was represented as 1992's Rio Declation. The purpose of this study is to develope evaluation technique of ecological architecture. The environmental scores of the buildings are evaluated and improved from the building design phase in order to build the best environmental building. Ecological architecture is mainly based on the balance of three element : Nature, Humanity, and Cost saving. Its main goals are energy saving and recycling, resource saving, high contact with circumstances, and health & amenity.

Recently, global pollution reached the critical level. Thus, new paradigm for the development and conservation of natural resources appear. This is so called Environmentally sound and Sustainable development. Ecological Architecture proposed as a proposal for the paradigm. This research deals with Christian Thoughts about the Ecological Architecture planning. The results are as follows; First, Sustainable development is new paradigm that is suitable for the Christian Integrity of Creation. Second, Ecological Architecture will be better when the people have full of the Christian love.

Recently, according to the increase of population and rapid growth of industry, the amount of effluent pollutant has been rising in natural water. In these pollutant, nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphor are told that these evolve the odor, color and eutrophication in rural housing sewage and lake regulary. Many researches have been carried out to remove these nutrients from effluents and will have to be studied more deeply. Especially, because of the sewage of rural housing and livestock, environmental pollution raises serious problem in a rural community. This method is developed to solve the problem environmentally friendly. Using the natural energy(wasteheat, earthheat, solar engery) and the growth properties of aquatic plants are most efficient method to absorb the nutrients and denitrification and phosphor uptake.

Green environment is most important factor to human being taking a side view of psychological aspect. But, as the civilization progresses rapidly, the green environment decreases. At present, various environmentally friendly methods are developed to prevent the ill effect of the concretes. n this study, Ecostone retaining wall method, which is a kind of environmentally friendly block, are used for verifying the application to the slope stability and protection of rural hosing. In case of rural hosing and structure, the height of the slope is not high and additional loading doesn't act on the slope except the gravity loading of housing and structure. From the result of the stability analysis of Ecostone, 3m to 7m Ecostone retaining wall can have an equivalence capacity comparing with the concrete retaining wall. Therefore, Ecostone method can apply to retaining wall with the structural safety and environmentally friendly aspect using the plants and vegetation.