Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine (대한물리의학회지)

The Korean Society of Physical Medicine (대한물리의학회)
권호 표지

The Effects of PNF Arm Patterns on Activation of Leg Muscles According to Open And Closed Kinemetic Chains

열린사슬과 닫힌사슬에 따른 PNF상지패턴이 하지 근활성도에 미치는 영향

  • Park, Tae-Jun (Department of Physical Therapy, Jeollabuk-do Namwon City Silver Care Hospital) ;
  • Park, Hyung-Ki (Department of Physical Therapy, Masan University) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Man (Department of Physical Therapy, Seonam University)
  • 박태준 (전라북도 남원노인요양병원 물리치료실) ;
  • 박형기 (마산대학교 물리치료과) ;
  • 김종만 (서남대학교 물리치료학과)
  • Received : 2011.04.13
  • Accepted : 2011.05.15
  • Published : 2011.05.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of leg muscle activation by applying proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) arm patterns to unilateral upper extremities under the condition of both open and closed kinetic chains in a seated position. Methods: Twenty-two healthy subjects participated in this study. Four PNF patterns were applied to each subject's unilateral upper extremity. EMG data were collected from the vastus medialis, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius. The measured EMG data were digitized and processed to root mean square (RMS) and expressed as percentage maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC). The data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures to determine the statistical significance. Results: The results of this study were summarized as follows: Firstly, in comparison to muscle activation of the biceps femoris, there was a significant increase in the D2 flexion pattern when it was compared with D2 extension pattern and when it was compared with D1 flexion pattern (p<.05). Secondly, there was a significant increase in the muscle activation of the vastus medialis and tibialis anterior with a closed kinetic chain rather than an open kinetic chain (p<.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, in order to increase muscle activation of the biceps femoris, the D2 flexion pattern can be applied, regardless of kinetic chain. In addition, in order to increase muscle activation of the vastus medialis and tibialis anterior, four arm patterns can be applied with a closed kinetic chain.

Keywords

References

  1. 김경환 등. 편측 상지에 적용된 고유수용성신경근촉 진법이 반대측 하지의 근 활성도에 미치는 영향. 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회지. 2006;4(1):9-18.
  2. 김연주. 닫힌사슬운동이 전십자인대 재건술 환자의슬관절 안정성에 미치는 영향. 대구대학교 재활과학대학원. 석사학위논문. 2007.
  3. 김원호. 뇌졸중 환자에서 고유수용성신경근촉진법이 환측 근육의 방사형태에 미치는 영향. 한국전문물리치료학회지. 2009;16(2):59-66.
  4. 배성수, 정형국, 김호봉. 고유수용성신경근촉진법 패턴의 운동 분석. 대한물리치료학회지. 1998;10(1):213-21.
  5. 이문규, 김종만, 김원호. PNF 하지패턴이 뇌졸중 환자의 상지 근활성도에 미치는 영향. 대한물리치료학회지. 2009;21(1):1-7.
  6. 장재원. 개방역학운동과 폐쇄역학운동 시 대퇴사두근의 근활성도 변화. 고려대학교 의용과학대학원. 석사학위논문. 2003
  7. 한향완, 김상수. 닫힌 사슬 운동과 열린 사슬 운동자세에서 편측상지에 적용된 고유수용성신경근촉진법이 하지의 근 활성도에 미치는 영향. 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회지. 2009;7(3):17-27.
  8. Alder S, Beckers D, Buck M. PNF in practice. 2nd ed. Berlin. Springer Verlag. 2000
  9. Baratta R, Solomonow M, Zhou BH et al. Muscular coactivation. The role of the antagonist musculature in maintaining knee stability. Am J Sports Med. 1988;16(2):113-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/036354658801600205
  10. Carr JH, Shepherd RB. Movement science: Foundation for physical therapy in rehabilitation. Rockville. Aspen Inc. 1987
  11. Davies GJ, Heiderscheit BC, Manske R et al. The scientific and clinical rationale for the integrated approach to open and closed kinetic chain rehabilitation. Orthop Phy Ther Clin North Am. 2000;9(2):247-68.
  12. Delorme TL, Watkins AL. Progressive resistance exercise. New York. Bill Hinbern. 1951
  13. Dietz B. Let's sprint, let's skate. Innovationen im PNF-Konzept. Berlin. Springer. 2009
  14. Draganich LF, Jaeger RJ, Kraji AR. Coactivation of the hamstrings and quadriceps during extension of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1989;71(7):1075-81
  15. Fox E, Matthews D. The physiological basis of physical education and athletics. 3rd ed. Philadelpia. Saunders College Publishing. 1981
  16. Gowitzke BA, Milner M. Understanding the scientific basis of human movement. 2nd ed. Baltimore. Williams & Wikins. 1980
  17. Hagood S, Solomonow M, Zhou BH et al. The effect of joint velocity on the contribution of the antagonist musculature to knee stiffiness and laxity. Am J Sports Med. 1990;18(2):182-7. https://doi.org/10.1177/036354659001800212
  18. Hellebrandt FA, Parrish AM, Hputz SJ. The influence of unilateral exercise on the contralateral limb. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1947;28(2):76-85.
  19. Iwasaki T, Shiba N, Matsuse H et al. Improvement in knee extension strength through training by means of combined electrical stimulation and voluntary muscle contraction. Tohoku J Exp. Med. 2006;209:33-40. https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.209.33
  20. Knott M, Voss DE. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation. Patterns and techniques. 2nd ed. New York. Harper & Row. 1968
  21. Kofotolis N, Kellis E. Cross-training effects of a proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise programme on knee musculature. Physical Therapy in Sport. 2007;8(3):109-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2007.02.004
  22. Lazarus JA, Whitall J. Motor overflow and children's tracking performance. Is there a link? Dev Psychobiol. 1999;35(3):178-87. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2302(199911)35:3<178::AID-DEV2>3.3.CO;2-F
  23. Mayston MJ, Harrison LM, Stephens JA. A neurophysiological study of mirror movements in adults and children. Ann Neurol. 1999;45(5):583-94. https://doi.org/10.1002/1531-8249(199905)45:5<583::AID-ANA6>3.0.CO;2-W
  24. Munn J, Herbert RD, Gandevia SC. Contralateral effects of unilateral resistance training. A metaanalysis. J Appl Physiol. 2004;96(5):1861-6. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00541.2003
  25. Nelles G, Cramer SC, Schaechter JD et al. Quantitative assessment of mirror movements after stroke. Stroke. 1998;29(6):1182-7. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.29.6.1182
  26. Neumann DA. Kinesiology of the musculoskeletal system. Foundations for physical rehabilitation. St. Louis. C.V. Mosby. 2004
  27. Pink MY. Contralateral effects of upper extremity proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation patterns. Phy Ther. 1981;61(8):1158-62.
  28. Potempa K, Lopez M, Braun LT et al. Physiological outcomes of aerobic exercise training in hemiparetic stroke patients. Stroke. 1995;26(1):101-5. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.26.1.101
  29. Rivera JE. Open versus closed kinetic rehabilitation of the lower extremity. A functional and biomechanical analysis. J Sports Rehabil. 1994;3(2):154-67.
  30. Scripture EW, Smith TL, Brown EM. On the education of muscular control and power. Stud Yale Psychol Lab. 1894;2:114-9.
  31. Sullivan PE, Markos PD, Minor MAD. An integrated approach to therapeutic exercise. Virginia. Reston. 1982
  32. Voss DE, Ionta MK, Myers BJ. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation. Patterns and techniques. 3rd ed. New York. Harper & Row. 1985.