Characteristics and breeding of 'Geumhyang2ho', a new brown and labor-saving variety of Flammulina velutipes

노동력 절감형 갈색 팽이버섯 신품종 '금향2호'의 육성 및 특성

Abstract

'Geumhyang2ho', a new brown and labor-saving variety of Flammulina velutipes, was bred by spontaneous crossing between 'Geumhyang' and 'Garlmoe' during demonstration cultivation in bag culture farm of oyster mushroom in 2013. During bottle cultivation, the temperature was maintained at $16^{\circ}C$; the variety displayed good quality compared to the control ('Geumhyang'), without necessitating vinyl cone treatment. The time periods necessary for mycelial growth, fruit body growth, and primordia formation were 24 days, 11 days, and 8 days, respectively. The total cultivation period was 43 days, which was 2 days longer than that of the control. The pileus diameter was smaller, but the pileus thickness and stipe diameter were greater than those of the control. The pileus color was yellowish ivory, which was very similar to that of the control. The yield of 'Geumhyang2ho' was 118 g per 850 ml bottle, which was markedly lower than that for bottle cultivation with vinyl cone treatment. However, its good quality suggests the potential of the labor-saving bottle-based cultivation of 'Geumhyang2ho' without vinyl cone treatment in oyster mushroom farms.

팽이버섯 '금향2호'는 2013년도 느타리 봉지재배 농가의 시범재배 과정에서 '갈뫼'와 우리원 육성품종 '금향'이 자연교잡된 개체를 조직분리함으로써 육성된 품종으로, 갓 색이 진한 미색을 나타내며, 비닐고깔을 씌우지 않고 재배가 가능하여 노동력이 절감되는 장점이 있다. $16^{\circ}C$ 고온에서 비닐고깔을 씌우지 않고 병재배 시 배양 기간은 24일, 초발이 소요일수는 8일, 생육일수는 11일로 총재배기간이 43일 소요되어 대조품종 '금향'에 비해 2일 증가되었다. 갓 색은 진한 미색으로 '금향'과 매우 유사했으나, 갓 직경이 더 작고 갓 두께와 대 직경이 더 굵었다. 850 ml(Ø59) 병당 수량은 118 g으로 비닐고깔을 씌운 재배방식에 비해서는 현저히 감소하였으나, 품질이 양호하여 느타리버섯 병재배 농가에 접목 시 노동력 절감 가능성을 보여 주었다.

Fig. 1. Genesis of a new variety in the medium inoculated with ‘Garlmoe’ during demonstration cultivation of ‘Geumhyang’ and ‘Garlmoe’ in bag culture farm of oyster mushroom in 2013.

Fig. 2. The pedigree of a new variety ‘Geumhyang2ho’ in Flammulina velutipes.

Fig. 3. Morphological characteristics of primordia formation of 10 days after upper surface scratching(left) and fruit bodies(right) between ‘Geumhyang’ and ‘Geumhyang2ho’ in the condition that temperature of fruit body growth was maintained at 16℃ without vinyl cone treatment by bottle cultivation method.

Fig. 4. Somatic test(left) and random amplified polymorphic DNA patterns by UFPF7 and UFPF11 primer(right). M(Marker), 1(Garlmoe), 2(Geumhyang), 3(Geumhyang2ho)

Table 1. Inherent characteristics of ‘Geumhyang2ho’

Table 2. Mycelial growth of ‘Geumhyang2ho’ as influenced by different incubation temperature

Table 3. Mycelial growth of ‘Geumhyang2ho’ at 25℃ as influenced by different media

Table 4. Culture period of ‘Geumhyang2ho’ by botttle cultivation method

Table 5. Fruit body characteristics and yield of ‘Geumhyang2ho’ by botttle cultivation method