Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Immunomodulatory and anti-metastatic activities of polysaccharide isolated from red cabbage

적양배추에서 분리한 다당의 면역 및 항전이 활성

  • Lee, Sue Jung (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University) ;
  • Shin, Kwang-Soon (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University)
  • 이수정 (경기대학교 식품생물공학과) ;
  • 신광순 (경기대학교 식품생물공학과)
  • Received : 2019.04.17
  • Accepted : 2019.05.27
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

In this study, we examined the immunostimulating characteristics of a hot water extract (RCW) and crude polysaccharides (RCP) of red cabbage. RCW and RCP did not show any cytotoxicity in B16BL6 cells and macrophages. Although the sugar compositions of RCW and RCP were similar, the uronic acid content of RCP was higher than that of RCW RCP significantly increased the production of various cytokines and NO, whereas RCW did not affect the production of cytokines and NO. In an ex vivo assay of natural killer (NK) cell activity, intravenous (i.v.) administration of RCP significantly augmented NK cytotoxicity against Yac-1 tumor cells at 3 days after RCP treatment. In an experimental lung metastasis model using B16BL6 melanoma cells, i.v. administration of RCP at a dose of $1,000{\mu}g$ per mouse significantly inhibited 47.3% of lung metastasis. These results suggest that crude polysaccharide isolated from red cabbage is a promising food ingredient for the prevention of tumor metastasis.

적양배추 유래물의 면역 활성 및 항전이 활성을 평가하기 위하여 적양배추 유래 열수추출물 RCW 및 조다당 RCP를 분리하였다. RCW는 중성당이 60%의 높은 비율로 검출되었으며, 이중 Glc가 28.2%로 구성되어 있었으며, RCP는 중성당과 산성당이 각각 40.0% 및 58.9%로 이루어져 있으며, 구성당 분석 결과, Ara(27.5%)와 Gal (17.2%)가 높은 비율로 검출되었다. RCW와 RCP는 정상세포 및 암 세포에 대한 어떠한 독성도 나타나지 않았으며, 오히려 정상세포에서는 약간의 증식능이 확인되었다. 또한 대식세포 자극을 통한 cytokine 분비능을 측정한 결과, RCW는 IL-6, IL-12 및 $TNF-{\alpha}$ 생산능은 어떠한 농도에서도 확인되지 않았으며, $1000{\mu}g/mL$ 고농도에서 NO 생산능이 확인되었다. 반면에 RCP는 $8{\mu}g/mL$의 저농도에서도 IL-6, IL-12, $TNF-{\alpha}$ 및 NO의 생산능이 확인되었다. 높은 cytokine 생산능을 나타낸 RCP의 NK 세포 활성 및 항전이 활성을 측정한 결과, RCP를 $1000{\mu}g/mouse$농도로 정맥투여할 경우, NK 세포를 무처리군 대비 최대 12배 활성화 시키는 것으로 확인되었으며, 47.3%의 항전이 활성이 확인되었다. 적양배추 유래 면역 활성 다당의 구조를 추정하기 위하여 ${\beta}-Glucosyl$ Yariv reagent와의 반응성을 검토한 결과, RCP $1000{\mu}g/mL$에는 약 9.7%의 $arabino-{\beta}-3,6-galactan$이 검출되었다. 본 결과로부터 적양배추에는 $arabino-{\beta}-3,6-galactan$을 일부 함유하는 RG-I 형태의 다당으로 존재하며, 이들에 의해 강력한 면역 증진 활성이 나타나는 것이라 결론지을 수 있었다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Isolation of water extract and crude polysaccharides from red cabbage and their HPLC chromatograms.

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Fig. 2. Cytotoxic effect of RCW and RCP isolated from the red cabbage on macrophage cells (A) and B16BL6 melanoma cell lines (B) in vitro.

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Fig. 3. Effect of RCW and RCP on the secretion of cytokines (IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) in murine peritoneal macrophages.

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Fig. 4. Effect of RCP on cytolytic activity of natural killer (NK) cells ex vivo.

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Fig. 5. Inhibitory effect of RCP from red cabbage on lung metastasis produced by i.v. inoculation of B16BL6 melanoma cells.

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Fig. 6. Single radial gel diffusion (A) and reactivity (B) between β-glucosyl Yariv reagent and polysaccharide fractions isolated from red cabbage.

Table 1. Analytical conditions of samples by HPLC and GC

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Table 2. Chemical properties of RCW and RCP isolated from red cabbage

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