Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine perceived needs for exercise programs among adults in the workforce based on sociodemographic characteristics and health-related behaviors. Methods: The sample consisted of 182 office workers, sales workers, and service workers recruited at a worksite in Seoul (97 males and 85 females, Mean age=34.6, SD=7.71). Study participants completed a structured questionnaire on health-related behaviors and areas of needs for exercise programs. Analysis of data was performed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Results: Workers with greater interest in exercise reported to engage in exercise. Significant differences were observed in goals of exercise, preferred exercise, preferred methods for delivery of exercise, preferred exercise monitoring, and social support for exercise maintenance according to age, sex, marital status, education, commuting time, occupation, alcohol use, smoking, and current participation in exercise. There were no differences in areas of exercise program needs by consumption of high calorie foods. Conclusion: Public health nurses can use these findings for development and implementation of tailored exercise programs to promote health for workers whose physical activity is insufficient.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) for pulmonary function in normal-weight and obese women. Methods: Data from women aged ${\geq}40$ years were obtained from the 2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Obesity was measured by BMI and WC and pulmonary function was measured by forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$), and a ratio between forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$/FVC). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed for assessment of the association between FVC, $FEV_1$, $FEV_1$/FVC and obesity variables. Results: BMI showed positive association with FVC, $FEV_1$, $FEV_1$/FVC, and WC showed positive association with $FEV_1$ and $FEV_1$/FVC in normal-weight women. BMI and WC showed negative association with FVC, $FEV_1$ in obese women. A 1 unit increase in BMI showed an association with a 25-mL reduction in FVC and a 19-mL reduction in $FEV_1$. A 1-cm increase in WC showed an association with a 6-mL reduction in FVC and a 4-mL reduction in $FEV_1$. Conclusions: BMI and WC showed negative association with pulmonary function in obese adult women. Therefore, obese women with reduced pulmonary function should be encouraged to lose weight for improvement of their pulmonary function.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of an eight session integrated case management program for improvement of medication adherence, physical function, pain, and depression among medical aid beneficiaries with osteoarthritis. Method: A nonequivalent control group pre-posttest design was employed. Participants were 55 medical aid beneficiaries who agreed to participate in this study, and were assigned to an experimental group (n=28) or control group (n=27). The framework of this research derived from Cox's Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior guided the overall intervention and the components. The program led by a case manager with a medication calendar, motivating interviewing and coaching strategies and collaboration with a pharmacist. Analysis included change in scores, ${\chi}^2$-test, and t-test. Result: The results showed significant increase in medication adherence, physical function and decrease joint pain, joint stiffness and depression in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The eight session integrated case management program indicated an effect on medication adherence, pain, physical function, and depression. Partnership with a pharmacist is recommended for medication adherence and conduct of further studies will be needed in order to determine the long-term effect of an extended integrated program on health outcomes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference and correlation of interpersonal relationship and purpose-in-life in health allied college students depending on their ability to manage anger. Method: A total of 244 students were surveyed using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient with the SPSS program. Results: No significant difference of interpersonal relationship was observed between the anger controlled group and the anger uncontrolled group. Intimacy (p=.008) and understanding (p=.017) were significantly higher and openness was significantly lower in the anger controlled group (p=.024). Purpose-in-life was significantly higher in the anger controlled group (p<.001). There was no significant correlation of anger management and interpersonal relationship, however, there was significant positive correlation of anger management and purpose-in-life (r=0.15, p=.017) and interpersonal relationship and purpose-in-life (r=0.29, p<.001). Conclusion: An education program for freshmen who cannot control anger can promote interpersonal relationship and purpose-in-life.

Purpose: This study is a methodological research study for development of a tool for measurement of care satisfaction of home health nursing in patients who have received care through home health nursing and to test the validity and reliability of the tool. Method: Based on Watson's theory of caring and its constituent factors, the literature related to home health nursing was reviewed, and the standard of home health nursing was compared and analyzed. For verification of the validation and reliability of the final tool which has been developed, data were collected from 166 people who were receiving home health nursing care. Result: According to results of analysis of the factors based on Kaiser and scree test, 10 factors with an eigenvalue greater than 1.0 were extracted, and they explained 72.26% of the total variance. In addition, the factor loadings of 56 questions were greater than .30. For verification of reliability, Cronbach's alpha for all 56 items was .98 and Guttman split half reliability coefficient was .90. Conclusion: This tool based on Watson's theory of caring contributed to development and application of the nursing theory through verification of the theory.

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to identify factors that predict suicidal ideation and depression according to gender among Korean adults. Method: From the data base of the fifth Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey(KNHANESV-1, 2010), data on 4,894 adults aged 19~64 were used. Data were analyzed by application of the Rao-Scott Chi-Square test and logistic analysis with SAS 9.2. Results: Overall, 8.5% of men and 18.1% of women had suicidal ideation during the last year; 7.5% of men and 17.0% of women had depression during the last two weeks. Risk factors for suicidal ideation include perceived high stress(OR male 3.649, female 2.941), depression(OR male 10.109, female 6.033), poor cognition of health status(OR male 8.115, female 6.664), low economic status(OR male 1.898), and low educational status(OR female 1.631). Risk factors for depression include perceived high stress(OR male 2.678, female 3.686), suicidal ideation(OR male 9.925, female 6.022), non-employed(OR female 1.525), married(OR female 2.392), and physical discomfort(OR female 1.545). Conclusions: Based on the above mentioned results, risk factors of suicidal ideation and depression differed according to gender. Development of various policies and appropriate intervention programs according to gender, that lessen the risk of suicidal ideation and depression for adults is needed.

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to investigate the experiences of nurses in health care of women with multi-cultural background. The structure of these experiences was identified in a social-cultural context. Methods: Data were collected by means of in-depth interviews using tape-recordings from 16 participants who were providing childbirth care for culturally different women. A phenomenological method proposed by Colaizzi was used to guide the process of data analysis. Results: A total of 138 significant statements were extracted from the data resulting in nine themes and five theme clusters. Theme clusters that emerged from the data were: more in-depth cultural difference, difficulty in providing care in multi-cultured, sticking to care in our own way, not being ready to nurse, and accepting culturally different woman, such as a Korean woman. Conclusion: The findings suggest that systematic educational programs for enhancement of cultural competency and its support systems should be developed for Korean nurses. Useful materials on Korean childbirth care should also be provided to women giving birth.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of long term osteoporosis management education consist of exercise, drug therapy, and nutrition on bone mineral density (BMD) and medication compliance among postmenopausal women who have just been diagnosed with osteoporosis. Methods: The research design consisted of a pre-and post-test quasi-experimental design through a nonequivalent control group. The participants in this study were 60 individuals with osteoporosis, and who were classified according to two groups; the control group (n=30) who were given general clinical guidelines, and the experimental group (n=30) who received management education once for 60 minutes every three months using a standardized educational sheet. After one year, BMD was assessed using band dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and medication possession ratio (MPR) for medication compliance. Analysis of collected data was performed using descriptive statistics t-test, chi-test, and paired t-test. Results: No significant difference in BMD (t=-1.02, p=.311) and MPR (t=-0.77, p=.440) was observed between the two groups. However, a significant increase in femur neck BMD was observed in the experimental group compared with the control group (t=-2.18, p=.033). Conclusion: Conduct of further study will be needed for examination of the effect of long-term osteoporosis management education on BMD Level and Medication Compliance in Postmenopausal Women.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy and satisfaction with IVIC300 (Intravenous infusion controller). Method: The subjects consisted of 90 nurses and 100 patients. Data collected during July 2013 were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and $X^2$-test (Chi-Square). Result: The error value of IVIC300 was less than that of Dosi-flow. Differences of error values according to variable of fluid infusion (needle's gauge, patient's moving, patient's calls, and nurse's arabitary calls) were not significant. The mean scores for satisfaction with IVIC300 of nurses ($3.67{\pm}.76$), patients ($3.75{\pm}.63$) were above average. Satisfaction with IVIC300 of nurses differed significantly according to age, work unit, and clinical career. Satisfaction with IVIC300 of patients was not significantly different according to general characteristics. Conclusion: These findings indicate that it is proven the accuracy of IVIC300, and is considered individual characteristics in use IVIC300.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in suicidal ideation according to general characteristics, and to identify the associated factors of suicidal ideation in rural elderly. Method: We surveyed 168 elderly people using structured questionnaires from March through April, 2013. Data analy was performed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$ test, Fisher's Exact test, and multiple regression using the SPSS program. Results: Significantly differences in suicidal ideation score were observed according to drinking state(p=.036), sleep state(p=.013), health state(p=.020), and stress state(p=.049). The associated factors identified in this study significantly explained 13.2% of suicidal ideation. Smoking and sleep state were the most significant factors of suicidal ideation. Conclusion: Based on these results, development of programs for promotion of psychological health in order to reduce suicide rates of the elderly is urgent. In particular when focusing on relations between sleep disturbance and suicide, it is considered that nursing intervention will be required to promote quality of sleep in clinical practices and communities.

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to determine the effects of a health promotion program on perception of health behavior, physical fitness, and body composition in child care helpers. Methods: The study had a one group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. Data were collected from 38 child care helpers from July 6 to November 9, 2013. The health promotion program consisted of health education, self-exercise, encouragement, and identification. The following data were collected perception(perceived benefit, barrier, and self-efficacy), physical fitness(balance, grasp power, and flexibility), and body composition(body mass index, body fat ratio, waist circumference, and basal metabolic rate) and analysis was performed using on SPSS WIN 18.0. Results: Self-efficacy showed a significant increased. Body mass index, body fat ratio, and waist circumference showed a significant decreased. No significant difference in perceived benefit, barrier, physical fitness, and basal metabolic rate was observed between pre-test and post-test. Conclusion: This health promotion program had an effect on self-efficacy and body composition in child care helpers. Therefore, this health promotion program for child care helpers can be recommended as an effective nursing intervention.