We report the realization of the Yb/Tm co-doped silica glass optical fiber amplifier operating at 1470 nm upon 980 nm pumping. The energy transfer coefficient from Yb to Tm was estimated using the threshold condition of the optical amplifier.

Digital image-projection and several modifications are the classical applications of Digital Micromirror Devices (DMD), however further applications in the field of optical metrology are also available. Operated with certain patterns, a DMD can function, for instance, as an array of pinholes that may substitute the Galvanic mirror or the stage scanning system presently used for 2 dimensional scanning in confocal microscopes. The various process parameters that influence the result of measurement (e.g. pinhole size, lateral scanning pitch and the number of pinholes used simultaneously, etc.) should be configured precisely for individual measurements by appropriately operating the DMD. This paper presents suitable conditions for the diffraction limited analysis between DMD-optics-CCD to achieve the best performance. Also sampling theorem that is necessary for the image acquisition by scanning system is simulated with OPTISCAN which is the simulator based on the diffraction theory.

An idea for extension of propagation range of surface plasmon-polaritons(SPP), which are guided on metal-strip waveguides, is suggested. Slight modification in refractive indices and/or separation gaps can increase two orders of magnitude in propagation distance of SPPs. Dispersion relations of extended long-range SPP modes excited on vertically coupled SPP waveguides are discussed in detail.

We introduced a new method for lens design that eyepiece is combined with the Navarro eye. Following Optimization of lens system-Navarro eye combination, final design has the modulation transfer function(MTF) of 0.9 at 50 cycle/mm.

Liquid crystal (LC) alignment on $a-SiO_x$ thin film was investigated by means of X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and optical transmittance as we varied the deposition temperature and the target-to-substrate distance. LC molecules can be aligned vertically on $a-SiO_x$ film when the stoichiometric parameter x of $a-SiO_x$ is smaller than 1.56, but they can be aligned homogeneously when x is larger than 1.56. We also found that whether liquid crystals can be aligned vertically or homogeneously on $a-SiO_x$ film can be predicted simply by measuring the change in optical transmittance by deposition of $a-SiO_x$ thin film layers.

Relative phase distribution of onion epidermal cells was measured by using the relative phase microscope with inverse linear polarizing method. Decrease of relative phase distribution of onion epidermal cells was also investigated as the elapse of time. In decrease of relative phase distribution, relative phase of cell membrane in onion epidermal cells decreased radically as compared with that of cytoplasm.

By using 2 signals without additional input signal, an all-optical binary half adder at 10 Gbps is demonstrated. The half adder operates in single mechanism, which is XGM. By achieving this experiment, we also explored the possibilities for the enhanced complex logic operation and higher chances for multiple logic integration.

본 연구에서 개발하는 성형렌즈는 그림1과 같이 한쪽 면이 비구면인 평볼록 형상이다. Glass렌즈의 고온압축성형을 위해서는 초정밀 가공기술로 제작된 성형Mold가 필요하며, Mold재질에 따른 성형기술의 확립이 필수적이다. 또한, 성형Mold의 표면과 융착반응이 없는 Glass소재가 요구된다. 본 실험을 위한 성형Mold는 코발트(Co) 함량 0.5 %의 초경합금(WC; 일본, Everloy社, 002K)을 초정밀 연삭가공하여 제작하였다. Glass소재는 전이점(Transformation Point; Tg) $572\;^{\circ}C$,항복점(Yielding Point; At) $630\;^{\circ}C$의 열적 특성을 갖는 K-BK7(일본, Sumita社)을 사용하였으며, d선에서 굴절률 및 아베수는 각각 1.51633, 64.1이다. 비구면 Glass렌즈 성형은 GMP(Glass Molding Press; 일본, Sumitomo社, Nano Press-S)장비를 사용하여 성형온도 $625\;^{\circ}C$, 서냉온도 $550\;^{\circ}C$로 고정하고 성형압력를 200-800 N 범위에서 변화시켰다. 표 1에 성형변수로 사용한 서냉속도와 서냉전환온도 조건을 나타낸다. 표1과 같이 각 서냉조건별로5장의 렌즈를 성형 후 특성값이 평균치에 가까운 3장을 선별하여 그 특성을 비교하였다. 각 조건에 따른 성형렌즈의 형상정도(일본, Panasonic社, UA3P, 자유곡면형상측정기), 두께(일본, Mitutoyo社, MDC-25M, 마이크로메터), 굴절률(일본, Shimatus社, KPR-200, 정밀굴절률측정기) 및 MTF[해상도](독일, Trioptics社, Image Master HR, MTF-Field)를 측정하여 각각의 광학적 특성을 비교 평가하였다. 비구면 Glass렌즈 성형장비와 형상측정기를 그림 2, 3에 각각 나타낸다.

홈 네트워크를 구성하는 여러 분야 중 우리의 삶을 보다 풍요롭고 편리하게 하는, 멀티미디어와 관련된 홈 엔터테인먼트 분야가 강조되면서, 초고속 대용량 데이터의 원활한 전송이 요구되고 있다. 그러나 기존동선 가입자 선로는 이러한 요구를 수용하기에 그 한계에 다다르고 있다. 이로 인해 각 가정까지 광 가입자 선로가 직접 연결되는 FTTH(Fiber To The Home)에 대한 연구가 활발히 수행되고 있으며, 더 나아가 정보가전기기에 광 가입자 선로를 직접 연결하는 방식으로 그 관심이 확장되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 초고속 대용량 데이터의 전송을 위해 광 가입자 선로와 정보가전기기를 직접 연결시키는 방식에서 사용될 수 있는, 정보가전기기에 on-chip 시킬 수 있는 전/광(광/전) 변환 시스템을 설계하고 간략화하여 구현하였다.

The modulation bandwidth, wavelength chirp of directly modulated coupled-ring reflector laser diode have been investigated using time-domain modeling. For a specific design, the modulation frequency could be 6 GHz and the frequency chirp could be in the range of $120^{\sim}200$ MHz/mA.

We developed 60 GHz analog optical transmitter modules for radio-over-fiber (RoF). They were consisted of an electroabsorption modulator (EAM), impedance matching circuit, and amplifier. The characteristics of fabricated modules were investigated by measuring the signal-to-noise ratio and the noise figure of the 60 GHz RoF link.

Etched fiber Bragg grating, Sensitivity of fiber-Bragg-grating sensors to index of surrounding, Hybridization of DNA

Photopolymers have been of considerable due to their easy of processing and high sensitivity. Exposure of photopolymers to optical source produce recroding mark where the light initiates a photoreaction that occurs preferentially in regions of high illumination. The photoreaction typically involves polymerization of an acrylic or epoxy monomer dispersed together with a photoinitiators in a polymeric binder. A number of photopolymerizable materials have been developed to apply them in 3D optical recording such as holographic or 3-dimensional data storage. In this presentation, photopolymers derived from sol-gel matrix and transparent polymer binder are summarized. The effect of monomer composition and plasticizers on optical recording will be discussed based on the monomer transport during the photopolymerization.

LED(Light-Emitting Diode)내에서의 전류 분포를 계산하기 위한 SPICE 기반의 3차원 회로 모델을 개발하였다. 이 모델은 고전압, 고전류에서 구동되는 고휘도 LED의 전류 밀집(current crowding) 현상을 최소화하기 위한 설계 최적화에 이용할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 $GaN/Al_2O_3$ 고휘도 청색 LED 내에서의 전류 분포를 분석하여 전극 설계를 최적화하기 위한 연구를 수행하였다.

졸겔공정을 이용하여 Ag나노입자가 형성된 석영유리계 유리박막을 제조하였다. Dip-coating 과 건조 및 소결처리를 거쳐 $60{\sim}275nm$ 두께의 박막을 제조하였고, TEM 분석 결과 $2{\sim}5nm$ 크기의 Ag나노 입자가 유리박막에 형성된 것을 확인하였다.

This paper describes a efficient insepction method of PCB PADs for AFVI. The methods for PCB inspection have been tried to detect the defects in PCB PADs, but their low detection rate results from pattern variations that are originating from etching, printing and handling processes. The adaptive inspection method has been newly proposed to extract minute defects based on dynamic segments and filters. The vertexes are extracted from CAM master images of PCB and then a lot of segments are constructed in master data. The proposed method moves these segments to optimal directions of a PAD contour and so adaptively matches segments to PAD contours of inspected images, irrespectively of various pattern variations. It makes a fast, accurate and reliable inspection of PCB patterns. Experimental results show that proposed methods are found to be effective for flexible defects detection.

Fabrication-error tolerant directional couplers are designed and analyzed. In the wavelength region of $1.55{\mu}m$, the coupling characteristics of the 3dB coupler is 50${\pm}$4%, when the waveguide width error is ${\pm}0.2{\mu}m$.

다양한 브래그 파장의 광섬유 격자 제작을 위해 위상마스크와 두 개의 반사경이 부착된 마름모형 반사각 조정장치를 사용하여 간섭계 광학장치를 구성하였다. $1572{\sim}1614$ nm의 파장영역에서, FWHM 폭은 0.4 nm, 30 dB이상의 최소 투과율을 갖는 브래그격자 제작결과를 보고한다.

Sol-gel 및 MCVD 공정을 사용하여 Ag 가 함유된 광섬유를 제조하였다. KrF 엑시머 레이저에서 출력된 248 nm 의 UV 빔을 광섬유에 조사한 경우 450 nm 를 중심으로 광흡수가 6 dB/cm 로 급격히 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이는 UV 레이저 조사에 의한 Ag 나노입자 형성에 따른 것으로 추측된다.

We have demonstrated three-wavelength Raman fiber lasers using Ge-codoped fiber with 7-pairs of fiber bragg gratings. A slope efficiency of 18.4 % and an total output power of 1.65 W were achieved.

Thermally expanded core fiber (TEC-fiber) Bragg gratings have been fabricated and their transmission spectrums have been analyzed. The measured spectrum shows the characteristic peak splitting caused by the grating pair formed over the expanded section that has the effective index axial distribution, which could be employed for high resolution fiber sensors. An analysis on the spectrum can also give useful informations on the effective index profile of the TEC-fiber.

Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (EPON) are an emerging access network technology that provide a low-cost method of deploying optical access lines between a central office (CO) and a customer site. This paper shows that subscriber unit manages traffic data between a central office (CO) and a customer site in economic solution.